:: ZFMISC_1 semantic presentation begin registration let x, y be set ; cluster[x,y] -> non empty ; coherence not [x,y] is empty ; end; Lm1: for x, X being set holds ( {x} c= X iff x in X ) proof let x, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} c= X iff x in X ) x in {x} by TARSKI:def_1; hence ( {x} c= X implies x in X ) by TARSKI:def_3; ::_thesis: ( x in X implies {x} c= X ) assume A1: x in X ; ::_thesis: {x} c= X let y be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not y in {x} or y in X ) thus ( not y in {x} or y in X ) by A1, TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm2: for Y, X, x being set st Y c= X & not x in Y holds Y c= X \ {x} proof let Y, X, x be set ; ::_thesis: ( Y c= X & not x in Y implies Y c= X \ {x} ) assume A1: ( Y c= X & not x in Y ) ; ::_thesis: Y c= X \ {x} let y be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not y in Y or y in X \ {x} ) assume y in Y ; ::_thesis: y in X \ {x} then ( y in X & not y in {x} ) by A1, TARSKI:def_1, TARSKI:def_3; hence y in X \ {x} by XBOOLE_0:def_5; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm3: for Y, x being set holds ( Y c= {x} iff ( Y = {} or Y = {x} ) ) proof let Y, x be set ; ::_thesis: ( Y c= {x} iff ( Y = {} or Y = {x} ) ) thus ( not Y c= {x} or Y = {} or Y = {x} ) ::_thesis: ( ( Y = {} or Y = {x} ) implies Y c= {x} ) proof assume A1: Y c= {x} ; ::_thesis: ( Y = {} or Y = {x} ) ( x in Y or not x in Y ) ; then ( {x} c= Y or Y c= {x} \ {x} ) by A1, Lm1, Lm2; then ( {x} = Y or Y c= {} ) by A1, XBOOLE_0:def_10, XBOOLE_1:37; hence ( Y = {} or Y = {x} ) by XBOOLE_1:3; ::_thesis: verum end; thus ( ( Y = {} or Y = {x} ) implies Y c= {x} ) by XBOOLE_1:2; ::_thesis: verum end; definition let X be set ; defpred S1[ set ] means $1 c= X; func bool X -> set means :Def1: :: ZFMISC_1:def 1 for Z being set holds ( Z in it iff Z c= X ); existence ex b1 being set st for Z being set holds ( Z in b1 iff Z c= X ) proof consider M being set such that A1: ( X in M & ( for X, Y being set st X in M & Y c= X holds Y in M ) ) and for X being set st X in M holds ex Z being set st ( Z in M & ( for Y being set st Y c= X holds Y in Z ) ) and for X being set holds ( not X c= M or X,M are_equipotent or X in M ) by TARSKI:3; consider IT being set such that A2: for Y being set holds ( Y in IT iff ( Y in M & S1[Y] ) ) from XBOOLE_0:sch_1(); take IT ; ::_thesis: for Z being set holds ( Z in IT iff Z c= X ) thus for Z being set holds ( Z in IT iff Z c= X ) by A2, A1; ::_thesis: verum end; uniqueness for b1, b2 being set st ( for Z being set holds ( Z in b1 iff Z c= X ) ) & ( for Z being set holds ( Z in b2 iff Z c= X ) ) holds b1 = b2 proof thus for X1, X2 being set st ( for x being set holds ( x in X1 iff S1[x] ) ) & ( for x being set holds ( x in X2 iff S1[x] ) ) holds X1 = X2 from XBOOLE_0:sch_3(); ::_thesis: verum end; end; :: deftheorem Def1 defines bool ZFMISC_1:def_1_:_ for X being set for b2 being set holds ( b2 = bool X iff for Z being set holds ( Z in b2 iff Z c= X ) ); definition let X1, X2 be set ; defpred S1[ set ] means ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in X2 & $1 = [x,y] ); func[:X1,X2:] -> set means :Def2: :: ZFMISC_1:def 2 for z being set holds ( z in it iff ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in X2 & z = [x,y] ) ); existence ex b1 being set st for z being set holds ( z in b1 iff ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in X2 & z = [x,y] ) ) proof A1: X1 c= X1 \/ X2 by XBOOLE_1:7; consider X being set such that A2: for z being set holds ( z in X iff ( z in bool (bool (X1 \/ X2)) & S1[z] ) ) from XBOOLE_0:sch_1(); take X ; ::_thesis: for z being set holds ( z in X iff ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in X2 & z = [x,y] ) ) let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in X iff ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in X2 & z = [x,y] ) ) thus ( z in X implies ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in X2 & z = [x,y] ) ) by A2; ::_thesis: ( ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in X2 & z = [x,y] ) implies z in X ) given x, y being set such that A3: x in X1 and A4: y in X2 and A5: z = [x,y] ; ::_thesis: z in X {x,y} c= X1 \/ X2 proof let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in {x,y} or z in X1 \/ X2 ) assume z in {x,y} ; ::_thesis: z in X1 \/ X2 then ( z = x or z = y ) by TARSKI:def_2; hence z in X1 \/ X2 by A3, A4, XBOOLE_0:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; then A6: {x,y} in bool (X1 \/ X2) by Def1; {x} c= X1 by A3, Lm1; then {x} c= X1 \/ X2 by A1, XBOOLE_1:1; then A7: {x} in bool (X1 \/ X2) by Def1; {{x,y},{x}} c= bool (X1 \/ X2) proof let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in {{x,y},{x}} or z in bool (X1 \/ X2) ) assume z in {{x,y},{x}} ; ::_thesis: z in bool (X1 \/ X2) hence z in bool (X1 \/ X2) by A7, A6, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; then {{x,y},{x}} in bool (bool (X1 \/ X2)) by Def1; hence z in X by A2, A3, A4, A5; ::_thesis: verum end; uniqueness for b1, b2 being set st ( for z being set holds ( z in b1 iff ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in X2 & z = [x,y] ) ) ) & ( for z being set holds ( z in b2 iff ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in X2 & z = [x,y] ) ) ) holds b1 = b2 proof thus for X1, X2 being set st ( for x being set holds ( x in X1 iff S1[x] ) ) & ( for x being set holds ( x in X2 iff S1[x] ) ) holds X1 = X2 from XBOOLE_0:sch_3(); ::_thesis: verum end; end; :: deftheorem Def2 defines [: ZFMISC_1:def_2_:_ for X1, X2 being set for b3 being set holds ( b3 = [:X1,X2:] iff for z being set holds ( z in b3 iff ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in X2 & z = [x,y] ) ) ); definition let X1, X2, X3 be set ; func[:X1,X2,X3:] -> set equals :: ZFMISC_1:def 3 [:[:X1,X2:],X3:]; coherence [:[:X1,X2:],X3:] is set ; end; :: deftheorem defines [: ZFMISC_1:def_3_:_ for X1, X2, X3 being set holds [:X1,X2,X3:] = [:[:X1,X2:],X3:]; definition let X1, X2, X3, X4 be set ; func[:X1,X2,X3,X4:] -> set equals :: ZFMISC_1:def 4 [:[:X1,X2,X3:],X4:]; coherence [:[:X1,X2,X3:],X4:] is set ; end; :: deftheorem defines [: ZFMISC_1:def_4_:_ for X1, X2, X3, X4 being set holds [:X1,X2,X3,X4:] = [:[:X1,X2,X3:],X4:]; begin theorem :: ZFMISC_1:1 bool {} = {{}} proof now__::_thesis:_for_x_being_set_holds_ (_x_in_bool_{}_iff_x_in_{{}}_) let x be set ; ::_thesis: ( x in bool {} iff x in {{}} ) ( x c= {} iff x = {} ) by XBOOLE_1:3; hence ( x in bool {} iff x in {{}} ) by Def1, TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; hence bool {} = {{}} by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:2 union {} = {} proof now__::_thesis:_for_x_being_set_holds_not_x_in_union_{} given x being set such that A1: x in union {} ; ::_thesis: contradiction ex X being set st ( x in X & X in {} ) by A1, TARSKI:def_4; hence contradiction ; ::_thesis: verum end; hence union {} = {} by XBOOLE_0:7; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th3: :: ZFMISC_1:3 for x, y being set st {x} c= {y} holds x = y proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} c= {y} implies x = y ) x in {x} by TARSKI:def_1; then ( {x} = {y} implies x = y ) by TARSKI:def_1; hence ( {x} c= {y} implies x = y ) by Lm3; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th4: :: ZFMISC_1:4 for x, y1, y2 being set st {x} = {y1,y2} holds x = y1 proof let x, y1, y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} = {y1,y2} implies x = y1 ) assume {x} = {y1,y2} ; ::_thesis: x = y1 then y1 in {x} by TARSKI:def_2; hence x = y1 by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:5 for x, y1, y2 being set st {x} = {y1,y2} holds y1 = y2 proof let x, y1, y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} = {y1,y2} implies y1 = y2 ) assume A1: {x} = {y1,y2} ; ::_thesis: y1 = y2 then x = y1 by Th4; hence y1 = y2 by A1, Th4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th6: :: ZFMISC_1:6 for x1, x2, y1, y2 being set holds ( not {x1,x2} = {y1,y2} or x1 = y1 or x1 = y2 ) proof let x1, x2, y1, y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( not {x1,x2} = {y1,y2} or x1 = y1 or x1 = y2 ) x1 in {x1,x2} by TARSKI:def_2; hence ( not {x1,x2} = {y1,y2} or x1 = y1 or x1 = y2 ) by TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th7: :: ZFMISC_1:7 for x, y being set holds {x} c= {x,y} proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: {x} c= {x,y} let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in {x} or z in {x,y} ) assume z in {x} ; ::_thesis: z in {x,y} then z = x by TARSKI:def_1; hence z in {x,y} by TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm4: for x, X being set st {x} \/ X c= X holds x in X proof let x, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} \/ X c= X implies x in X ) assume A1: {x} \/ X c= X ; ::_thesis: x in X assume not x in X ; ::_thesis: contradiction then not x in {x} \/ X by A1, TARSKI:def_3; then not x in {x} by XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence contradiction by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:8 for x, y being set st {x} \/ {y} = {x} holds x = y proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} \/ {y} = {x} implies x = y ) assume {x} \/ {y} = {x} ; ::_thesis: x = y then ( y in {x} or x in {y} ) by Lm4; hence x = y by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:9 for x, y being set holds {x} \/ {x,y} = {x,y} proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: {x} \/ {x,y} = {x,y} x in {x,y} by TARSKI:def_2; hence {x} \/ {x,y} = {x,y} by XBOOLE_1:12, Lm1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm6: for x, X being set st {x} misses X holds not x in X proof let x, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} misses X implies not x in X ) A1: x in {x} by TARSKI:def_1; assume ( {x} /\ X = {} & x in X ) ; :: according to XBOOLE_0:def_7 ::_thesis: contradiction hence contradiction by A1, XBOOLE_0:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:10 for x, y being set st {x} misses {y} holds x <> y proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} misses {y} implies x <> y ) assume {x} misses {y} ; ::_thesis: x <> y then not x in {y} by Lm6; hence x <> y by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm7: for x, X being set st not x in X holds {x} misses X proof let x, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( not x in X implies {x} misses X ) assume A1: not x in X ; ::_thesis: {x} misses X thus {x} /\ X c= {} :: according to XBOOLE_0:def_7,XBOOLE_0:def_10 ::_thesis: {} c= {x} /\ X proof let y be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not y in {x} /\ X or y in {} ) assume y in {x} /\ X ; ::_thesis: y in {} then ( y in {x} & y in X ) by XBOOLE_0:def_4; hence y in {} by A1, TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; thus {} c= {x} /\ X by XBOOLE_1:2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th11: :: ZFMISC_1:11 for x, y being set st x <> y holds {x} misses {y} proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( x <> y implies {x} misses {y} ) assume x <> y ; ::_thesis: {x} misses {y} then not x in {y} by TARSKI:def_1; hence {x} misses {y} by Lm7; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm8: for X, x being set st X /\ {x} = {x} holds x in X proof let X, x be set ; ::_thesis: ( X /\ {x} = {x} implies x in X ) assume X /\ {x} = {x} ; ::_thesis: x in X then x in X /\ {x} by TARSKI:def_1; hence x in X by XBOOLE_0:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:12 for x, y being set st {x} /\ {y} = {x} holds x = y proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} /\ {y} = {x} implies x = y ) assume {x} /\ {y} = {x} ; ::_thesis: x = y then ( x in {y} or y in {x} ) by Lm8; hence x = y by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm9: for x, X being set st x in X holds X /\ {x} = {x} by XBOOLE_1:28, Lm1; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:13 for x, y being set holds {x} /\ {x,y} = {x} proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: {x} /\ {x,y} = {x} x in {x,y} by TARSKI:def_2; hence {x} /\ {x,y} = {x} by XBOOLE_1:28, Lm1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm10: for x, X being set holds ( {x} \ X = {x} iff not x in X ) by Lm6, Lm7, XBOOLE_1:83; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:14 for x, y being set holds ( {x} \ {y} = {x} iff x <> y ) proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} \ {y} = {x} iff x <> y ) ( {x} \ {y} = {x} iff not x in {y} ) by Lm6, Lm7, XBOOLE_1:83; hence ( {x} \ {y} = {x} iff x <> y ) by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm11: for x, X being set holds ( {x} \ X = {} iff x in X ) by Lm1, XBOOLE_1:37; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:15 for x, y being set st {x} \ {y} = {} holds x = y proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x} \ {y} = {} implies x = y ) assume {x} \ {y} = {} ; ::_thesis: x = y then x in {y} by Lm1, XBOOLE_1:37; hence x = y by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:16 for x, y being set holds {x} \ {x,y} = {} proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: {x} \ {x,y} = {} x in {x,y} by TARSKI:def_2; hence {x} \ {x,y} = {} by Lm1, XBOOLE_1:37; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm12: for x, y, X being set holds ( {x,y} \ X = {x} iff ( not x in X & ( y in X or x = y ) ) ) proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x,y} \ X = {x} iff ( not x in X & ( y in X or x = y ) ) ) thus ( {x,y} \ X = {x} implies ( not x in X & ( y in X or x = y ) ) ) ::_thesis: ( not x in X & ( y in X or x = y ) implies {x,y} \ X = {x} ) proof assume A1: {x,y} \ X = {x} ; ::_thesis: ( not x in X & ( y in X or x = y ) ) then x in {x,y} \ X by TARSKI:def_1; hence not x in X by XBOOLE_0:def_5; ::_thesis: ( y in X or x = y ) A2: y in {x,y} by TARSKI:def_2; assume not y in X ; ::_thesis: x = y then y in {x} by A1, A2, XBOOLE_0:def_5; hence x = y by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; assume A3: ( not x in X & ( y in X or x = y ) ) ; ::_thesis: {x,y} \ X = {x} for z being set holds ( z in {x,y} \ X iff z = x ) proof let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in {x,y} \ X iff z = x ) ( z in {x,y} \ X iff ( z in {x,y} & not z in X ) ) by XBOOLE_0:def_5; hence ( z in {x,y} \ X iff z = x ) by A3, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; hence {x,y} \ X = {x} by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:17 for x, y being set st x <> y holds {x,y} \ {y} = {x} proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( x <> y implies {x,y} \ {y} = {x} ) assume x <> y ; ::_thesis: {x,y} \ {y} = {x} then A1: not x in {y} by TARSKI:def_1; y in {y} by TARSKI:def_1; hence {x,y} \ {y} = {x} by A1, Lm12; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:18 for x, y being set st {x} c= {y} holds x = y by Th3; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:19 for z, x, y being set holds ( not {z} c= {x,y} or z = x or z = y ) proof let z, x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( not {z} c= {x,y} or z = x or z = y ) A1: z in {z} by TARSKI:def_1; assume {z} c= {x,y} ; ::_thesis: ( z = x or z = y ) then z in {x,y} by A1, TARSKI:def_3; hence ( z = x or z = y ) by TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th20: :: ZFMISC_1:20 for x, y, z being set st {x,y} c= {z} holds x = z proof let x, y, z be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x,y} c= {z} implies x = z ) A1: x in {x,y} by TARSKI:def_2; assume {x,y} c= {z} ; ::_thesis: x = z then x in {z} by A1, TARSKI:def_3; hence x = z by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:21 for x, y, z being set st {x,y} c= {z} holds {x,y} = {z} proof let x, y, z be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x,y} c= {z} implies {x,y} = {z} ) assume {x,y} c= {z} ; ::_thesis: {x,y} = {z} then ( x = z & y = z ) by Th20; hence {x,y} = {z} by ENUMSET1:29; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm13: for X, x being set st X <> {x} & X <> {} holds ex y being set st ( y in X & y <> x ) proof let X, x be set ; ::_thesis: ( X <> {x} & X <> {} implies ex y being set st ( y in X & y <> x ) ) assume that A1: X <> {x} and A2: X <> {} ; ::_thesis: ex y being set st ( y in X & y <> x ) percases ( not x in X or x in X ) ; supposeA3: not x in X ; ::_thesis: ex y being set st ( y in X & y <> x ) consider y being set such that A4: y in X by A2, XBOOLE_0:7; take y ; ::_thesis: ( y in X & y <> x ) thus ( y in X & y <> x ) by A3, A4; ::_thesis: verum end; supposeA5: x in X ; ::_thesis: ex y being set st ( y in X & y <> x ) consider y being set such that A6: ( ( y in X & not y in {x} ) or ( y in {x} & not y in X ) ) by A1, TARSKI:1; take y ; ::_thesis: ( y in X & y <> x ) thus ( y in X & y <> x ) by A5, A6, TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; end; end; Lm14: for Z, x1, x2 being set holds ( Z c= {x1,x2} iff ( Z = {} or Z = {x1} or Z = {x2} or Z = {x1,x2} ) ) proof let Z, x1, x2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( Z c= {x1,x2} iff ( Z = {} or Z = {x1} or Z = {x2} or Z = {x1,x2} ) ) thus ( not Z c= {x1,x2} or Z = {} or Z = {x1} or Z = {x2} or Z = {x1,x2} ) ::_thesis: ( ( Z = {} or Z = {x1} or Z = {x2} or Z = {x1,x2} ) implies Z c= {x1,x2} ) proof assume that A1: Z c= {x1,x2} and A2: Z <> {} and A3: Z <> {x1} and A4: Z <> {x2} ; ::_thesis: Z = {x1,x2} now__::_thesis:_for_z_being_set_holds_ (_(_z_in_Z_implies_z_in_{x1,x2}_)_&_(_z_in_{x1,x2}_implies_z_in_Z_)_) let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( z in Z implies z in {x1,x2} ) & ( z in {x1,x2} implies z in Z ) ) thus ( z in Z implies z in {x1,x2} ) by A1, TARSKI:def_3; ::_thesis: ( z in {x1,x2} implies z in Z ) A5: now__::_thesis:_x1_in_Z assume A6: not x1 in Z ; ::_thesis: contradiction consider y being set such that A7: y in Z and A8: y <> x2 by A2, A4, Lm13; y in {x1,x2} by A1, A7, TARSKI:def_3; hence contradiction by A6, A7, A8, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; A9: now__::_thesis:_x2_in_Z assume A10: not x2 in Z ; ::_thesis: contradiction consider y being set such that A11: y in Z and A12: y <> x1 by A2, A3, Lm13; y in {x1,x2} by A1, A11, TARSKI:def_3; hence contradiction by A10, A11, A12, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; assume z in {x1,x2} ; ::_thesis: z in Z hence z in Z by A5, A9, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; hence Z = {x1,x2} by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; thus ( ( Z = {} or Z = {x1} or Z = {x2} or Z = {x1,x2} ) implies Z c= {x1,x2} ) by Th7, XBOOLE_1:2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:22 for x1, x2, y1, y2 being set holds ( not {x1,x2} c= {y1,y2} or x1 = y1 or x1 = y2 ) proof let x1, x2, y1, y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( not {x1,x2} c= {y1,y2} or x1 = y1 or x1 = y2 ) assume {x1,x2} c= {y1,y2} ; ::_thesis: ( x1 = y1 or x1 = y2 ) then ( {x1,x2} = {} or {x1,x2} = {y1} or {x1,x2} = {y2} or {x1,x2} = {y1,y2} ) by Lm14; hence ( x1 = y1 or x1 = y2 ) by Th4, Th6; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:23 for x, y being set st x <> y holds {x} \+\ {y} = {x,y} proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( x <> y implies {x} \+\ {y} = {x,y} ) assume A1: x <> y ; ::_thesis: {x} \+\ {y} = {x,y} for z being set holds ( z in {x} \+\ {y} iff ( z = x or z = y ) ) proof let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in {x} \+\ {y} iff ( z = x or z = y ) ) A2: ( z in {y} iff z = y ) by TARSKI:def_1; ( z in {x} iff z = x ) by TARSKI:def_1; hence ( z in {x} \+\ {y} iff ( z = x or z = y ) ) by A1, A2, XBOOLE_0:1; ::_thesis: verum end; hence {x} \+\ {y} = {x,y} by TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:24 for x being set holds bool {x} = {{},{x}} proof let x be set ; ::_thesis: bool {x} = {{},{x}} now__::_thesis:_for_y_being_set_holds_ (_y_in_bool_{x}_iff_y_in_{{},{x}}_) let y be set ; ::_thesis: ( y in bool {x} iff y in {{},{x}} ) ( y c= {x} iff ( y = {} or y = {x} ) ) by Lm3; hence ( y in bool {x} iff y in {{},{x}} ) by Def1, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; hence bool {x} = {{},{x}} by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm15: for X, A being set st X in A holds X c= union A proof let X, A be set ; ::_thesis: ( X in A implies X c= union A ) assume A1: X in A ; ::_thesis: X c= union A let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in X or x in union A ) thus ( not x in X or x in union A ) by A1, TARSKI:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:25 for x being set holds union {x} = x proof let x be set ; ::_thesis: union {x} = x A1: union {x} c= x proof let y be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not y in union {x} or y in x ) assume y in union {x} ; ::_thesis: y in x then ex Y being set st ( y in Y & Y in {x} ) by TARSKI:def_4; hence y in x by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; x in {x} by TARSKI:def_1; then x c= union {x} by Lm15; hence union {x} = x by A1, XBOOLE_0:def_10; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm16: for X, Y being set holds union {X,Y} = X \/ Y proof let X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: union {X,Y} = X \/ Y for x being set holds ( x in union {X,Y} iff ( x in X or x in Y ) ) proof let x be set ; ::_thesis: ( x in union {X,Y} iff ( x in X or x in Y ) ) thus ( not x in union {X,Y} or x in X or x in Y ) ::_thesis: ( ( x in X or x in Y ) implies x in union {X,Y} ) proof assume x in union {X,Y} ; ::_thesis: ( x in X or x in Y ) then ex Z being set st ( x in Z & Z in {X,Y} ) by TARSKI:def_4; hence ( x in X or x in Y ) by TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; ( X in {X,Y} & Y in {X,Y} ) by TARSKI:def_2; hence ( ( x in X or x in Y ) implies x in union {X,Y} ) by TARSKI:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; hence union {X,Y} = X \/ Y by XBOOLE_0:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:26 for x, y being set holds union {{x},{y}} = {x,y} proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: union {{x},{y}} = {x,y} thus union {{x},{y}} = {x} \/ {y} by Lm16 .= {x,y} by ENUMSET1:1 ; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm17: for x, y, X, Y being set holds ( [x,y] in [:X,Y:] iff ( x in X & y in Y ) ) proof let x, y, X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:X,Y:] iff ( x in X & y in Y ) ) thus ( [x,y] in [:X,Y:] implies ( x in X & y in Y ) ) ::_thesis: ( x in X & y in Y implies [x,y] in [:X,Y:] ) proof assume [x,y] in [:X,Y:] ; ::_thesis: ( x in X & y in Y ) then ex x1, y1 being set st ( x1 in X & y1 in Y & [x,y] = [x1,y1] ) by Def2; hence ( x in X & y in Y ) by XTUPLE_0:1; ::_thesis: verum end; thus ( x in X & y in Y implies [x,y] in [:X,Y:] ) by Def2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:27 canceled; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:28 for x, y, x1, y1 being set holds ( [x,y] in [:{x1},{y1}:] iff ( x = x1 & y = y1 ) ) proof let x, y, x1, y1 be set ; ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:{x1},{y1}:] iff ( x = x1 & y = y1 ) ) ( x = x1 & y = y1 iff ( x in {x1} & y in {y1} ) ) by TARSKI:def_1; hence ( [x,y] in [:{x1},{y1}:] iff ( x = x1 & y = y1 ) ) by Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:29 for x, y being set holds [:{x},{y}:] = {[x,y]} proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: [:{x},{y}:] = {[x,y]} now__::_thesis:_for_z_being_set_holds_ (_(_z_in_[:{x},{y}:]_implies_z_in_{[x,y]}_)_&_(_z_in_{[x,y]}_implies_z_in_[:{x},{y}:]_)_) let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( z in [:{x},{y}:] implies z in {[x,y]} ) & ( z in {[x,y]} implies z in [:{x},{y}:] ) ) thus ( z in [:{x},{y}:] implies z in {[x,y]} ) ::_thesis: ( z in {[x,y]} implies z in [:{x},{y}:] ) proof assume z in [:{x},{y}:] ; ::_thesis: z in {[x,y]} then consider x1, y1 being set such that A1: ( x1 in {x} & y1 in {y} ) and A2: z = [x1,y1] by Def2; ( x1 = x & y1 = y ) by A1, TARSKI:def_1; hence z in {[x,y]} by A2, TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; assume z in {[x,y]} ; ::_thesis: z in [:{x},{y}:] then A3: z = [x,y] by TARSKI:def_1; ( x in {x} & y in {y} ) by TARSKI:def_1; hence z in [:{x},{y}:] by A3, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; hence [:{x},{y}:] = {[x,y]} by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th30: :: ZFMISC_1:30 for x, y, z being set holds ( [:{x},{y,z}:] = {[x,y],[x,z]} & [:{x,y},{z}:] = {[x,z],[y,z]} ) proof let x, y, z be set ; ::_thesis: ( [:{x},{y,z}:] = {[x,y],[x,z]} & [:{x,y},{z}:] = {[x,z],[y,z]} ) now__::_thesis:_for_v_being_set_holds_ (_(_v_in_[:{x},{y,z}:]_implies_v_in_{[x,y],[x,z]}_)_&_(_v_in_{[x,y],[x,z]}_implies_v_in_[:{x},{y,z}:]_)_) let v be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( v in [:{x},{y,z}:] implies v in {[x,y],[x,z]} ) & ( v in {[x,y],[x,z]} implies v in [:{x},{y,z}:] ) ) A1: z in {y,z} by TARSKI:def_2; thus ( v in [:{x},{y,z}:] implies v in {[x,y],[x,z]} ) ::_thesis: ( v in {[x,y],[x,z]} implies v in [:{x},{y,z}:] ) proof assume v in [:{x},{y,z}:] ; ::_thesis: v in {[x,y],[x,z]} then consider x1, y1 being set such that A2: x1 in {x} and A3: y1 in {y,z} and A4: v = [x1,y1] by Def2; A5: ( y1 = y or y1 = z ) by A3, TARSKI:def_2; x1 = x by A2, TARSKI:def_1; hence v in {[x,y],[x,z]} by A4, A5, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; assume v in {[x,y],[x,z]} ; ::_thesis: v in [:{x},{y,z}:] then A6: ( v = [x,y] or v = [x,z] ) by TARSKI:def_2; ( x in {x} & y in {y,z} ) by TARSKI:def_1, TARSKI:def_2; hence v in [:{x},{y,z}:] by A6, A1, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; hence [:{x},{y,z}:] = {[x,y],[x,z]} by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: [:{x,y},{z}:] = {[x,z],[y,z]} now__::_thesis:_for_v_being_set_holds_ (_(_v_in_[:{x,y},{z}:]_implies_v_in_{[x,z],[y,z]}_)_&_(_v_in_{[x,z],[y,z]}_implies_v_in_[:{x,y},{z}:]_)_) let v be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( v in [:{x,y},{z}:] implies v in {[x,z],[y,z]} ) & ( v in {[x,z],[y,z]} implies v in [:{x,y},{z}:] ) ) A7: z in {z} by TARSKI:def_1; thus ( v in [:{x,y},{z}:] implies v in {[x,z],[y,z]} ) ::_thesis: ( v in {[x,z],[y,z]} implies v in [:{x,y},{z}:] ) proof assume v in [:{x,y},{z}:] ; ::_thesis: v in {[x,z],[y,z]} then consider x1, y1 being set such that A8: x1 in {x,y} and A9: y1 in {z} and A10: v = [x1,y1] by Def2; A11: ( x1 = x or x1 = y ) by A8, TARSKI:def_2; y1 = z by A9, TARSKI:def_1; hence v in {[x,z],[y,z]} by A10, A11, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; assume v in {[x,z],[y,z]} ; ::_thesis: v in [:{x,y},{z}:] then A12: ( v = [x,z] or v = [y,z] ) by TARSKI:def_2; ( x in {x,y} & y in {x,y} ) by TARSKI:def_2; hence v in [:{x,y},{z}:] by A12, A7, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; hence [:{x,y},{z}:] = {[x,z],[y,z]} by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:31 for x, X being set holds ( {x} c= X iff x in X ) by Lm1; theorem Th32: :: ZFMISC_1:32 for x1, x2, Z being set holds ( {x1,x2} c= Z iff ( x1 in Z & x2 in Z ) ) proof let x1, x2, Z be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x1,x2} c= Z iff ( x1 in Z & x2 in Z ) ) ( x1 in {x1,x2} & x2 in {x1,x2} ) by TARSKI:def_2; hence ( {x1,x2} c= Z implies ( x1 in Z & x2 in Z ) ) by TARSKI:def_3; ::_thesis: ( x1 in Z & x2 in Z implies {x1,x2} c= Z ) assume A1: ( x1 in Z & x2 in Z ) ; ::_thesis: {x1,x2} c= Z let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in {x1,x2} or z in Z ) assume z in {x1,x2} ; ::_thesis: z in Z hence z in Z by A1, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:33 for Y, x being set holds ( Y c= {x} iff ( Y = {} or Y = {x} ) ) by Lm3; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:34 for Y, X, x being set st Y c= X & not x in Y holds Y c= X \ {x} by Lm2; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:35 for X, x being set st X <> {x} & X <> {} holds ex y being set st ( y in X & y <> x ) by Lm13; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:36 for Z, x1, x2 being set holds ( Z c= {x1,x2} iff ( Z = {} or Z = {x1} or Z = {x2} or Z = {x1,x2} ) ) by Lm14; theorem Th37: :: ZFMISC_1:37 for z, X, Y being set holds ( not {z} = X \/ Y or ( X = {z} & Y = {z} ) or ( X = {} & Y = {z} ) or ( X = {z} & Y = {} ) ) proof let z, X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( not {z} = X \/ Y or ( X = {z} & Y = {z} ) or ( X = {} & Y = {z} ) or ( X = {z} & Y = {} ) ) assume A1: {z} = X \/ Y ; ::_thesis: ( ( X = {z} & Y = {z} ) or ( X = {} & Y = {z} ) or ( X = {z} & Y = {} ) ) ( X <> {} or Y <> {} ) by A1; hence ( ( X = {z} & Y = {z} ) or ( X = {} & Y = {z} ) or ( X = {z} & Y = {} ) ) by A1, Lm3, XBOOLE_1:7; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:38 for z, X, Y being set st {z} = X \/ Y & X <> Y & not X = {} holds Y = {} proof let z, X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( {z} = X \/ Y & X <> Y & not X = {} implies Y = {} ) assume {z} = X \/ Y ; ::_thesis: ( not X <> Y or X = {} or Y = {} ) then ( ( X = {z} & Y = {z} ) or ( X = {} & Y = {z} ) or ( X = {z} & Y = {} ) ) by Th37; hence ( not X <> Y or X = {} or Y = {} ) ; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:39 for x, X being set st {x} \/ X c= X holds x in X by Lm4; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:40 for x, X being set st x in X holds {x} \/ X = X by XBOOLE_1:12, Lm1; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:41 for x, y, Z being set st {x,y} \/ Z c= Z holds x in Z proof let x, y, Z be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x,y} \/ Z c= Z implies x in Z ) assume A1: {x,y} \/ Z c= Z ; ::_thesis: x in Z assume not x in Z ; ::_thesis: contradiction then not x in {x,y} \/ Z by A1, TARSKI:def_3; then not x in {x,y} by XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence contradiction by TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:42 for x, Z, y being set st x in Z & y in Z holds {x,y} \/ Z = Z by XBOOLE_1:12, Th32; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:43 for x, X being set holds {x} \/ X <> {} ; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:44 for x, y, X being set holds {x,y} \/ X <> {} ; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:45 for X, x being set st X /\ {x} = {x} holds x in X by Lm8; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:46 for x, X being set st x in X holds X /\ {x} = {x} by XBOOLE_1:28, Lm1; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:47 for x, Z, y being set st x in Z & y in Z holds {x,y} /\ Z = {x,y} by XBOOLE_1:28, Th32; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:48 for x, X being set st {x} misses X holds not x in X by Lm6; theorem Th49: :: ZFMISC_1:49 for x, y, Z being set st {x,y} misses Z holds not x in Z proof let x, y, Z be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x,y} misses Z implies not x in Z ) A1: x in {x,y} by TARSKI:def_2; assume ( {x,y} /\ Z = {} & x in Z ) ; :: according to XBOOLE_0:def_7 ::_thesis: contradiction hence contradiction by A1, XBOOLE_0:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:50 for x, X being set st not x in X holds {x} misses X by Lm7; theorem Th51: :: ZFMISC_1:51 for x, Z, y being set st not x in Z & not y in Z holds {x,y} misses Z proof let x, Z, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( not x in Z & not y in Z implies {x,y} misses Z ) assume A1: ( not x in Z & not y in Z ) ; ::_thesis: {x,y} misses Z assume {x,y} meets Z ; ::_thesis: contradiction then consider z being set such that A2: z in {x,y} /\ Z by XBOOLE_0:4; ( z in {x,y} & z in Z ) by A2, XBOOLE_0:def_4; hence contradiction by A1, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:52 for x, X being set holds ( {x} misses X or {x} /\ X = {x} ) by Lm7, Lm9; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:53 for x, y, X being set holds ( not {x,y} /\ X = {x} or not y in X or x = y ) proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( not {x,y} /\ X = {x} or not y in X or x = y ) A1: y in {x,y} by TARSKI:def_2; assume ( {x,y} /\ X = {x} & y in X ) ; ::_thesis: x = y then y in {x} by A1, XBOOLE_0:def_4; hence x = y by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:54 for x, X, y being set st x in X & ( not y in X or x = y ) holds {x,y} /\ X = {x} proof let x, X, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( x in X & ( not y in X or x = y ) implies {x,y} /\ X = {x} ) assume A1: ( x in X & ( not y in X or x = y ) ) ; ::_thesis: {x,y} /\ X = {x} for z being set holds ( z in {x,y} /\ X iff z = x ) proof let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in {x,y} /\ X iff z = x ) ( z in {x,y} /\ X iff ( z in {x,y} & z in X ) ) by XBOOLE_0:def_4; hence ( z in {x,y} /\ X iff z = x ) by A1, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; hence {x,y} /\ X = {x} by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:55 for x, y, X being set st {x,y} /\ X = {x,y} holds x in X proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x,y} /\ X = {x,y} implies x in X ) assume {x,y} /\ X = {x,y} ; ::_thesis: x in X then ( ( x in {x,y} /\ X & y in {x,y} /\ X ) or ( x in X /\ {x,y} & y in X /\ {x,y} ) ) by TARSKI:def_2; hence x in X by XBOOLE_0:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th56: :: ZFMISC_1:56 for z, X, x being set holds ( z in X \ {x} iff ( z in X & z <> x ) ) proof let z, X, x be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in X \ {x} iff ( z in X & z <> x ) ) ( z in X \ {x} iff ( z in X & not z in {x} ) ) by XBOOLE_0:def_5; hence ( z in X \ {x} iff ( z in X & z <> x ) ) by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th57: :: ZFMISC_1:57 for X, x being set holds ( X \ {x} = X iff not x in X ) proof let X, x be set ; ::_thesis: ( X \ {x} = X iff not x in X ) ( X \ {x} = X iff X misses {x} ) by XBOOLE_1:83; hence ( X \ {x} = X iff not x in X ) by Lm6, Lm7; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:58 for X, x being set holds ( not X \ {x} = {} or X = {} or X = {x} ) proof let X, x be set ; ::_thesis: ( not X \ {x} = {} or X = {} or X = {x} ) assume X \ {x} = {} ; ::_thesis: ( X = {} or X = {x} ) then X c= {x} by XBOOLE_1:37; hence ( X = {} or X = {x} ) by Lm3; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:59 for x, X being set holds ( {x} \ X = {x} iff not x in X ) by Lm6, Lm7, XBOOLE_1:83; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:60 for x, X being set holds ( {x} \ X = {} iff x in X ) by Lm1, XBOOLE_1:37; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:61 for x, X being set holds ( {x} \ X = {} or {x} \ X = {x} ) by Lm10, Lm11; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:62 for x, y, X being set holds ( {x,y} \ X = {x} iff ( not x in X & ( y in X or x = y ) ) ) by Lm12; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:63 for x, y, X being set holds ( {x,y} \ X = {x,y} iff ( not x in X & not y in X ) ) by Th49, Th51, XBOOLE_1:83; theorem Th64: :: ZFMISC_1:64 for x, y, X being set holds ( {x,y} \ X = {} iff ( x in X & y in X ) ) proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x,y} \ X = {} iff ( x in X & y in X ) ) ( {x,y} \ X = {} iff {x,y} c= X ) by XBOOLE_1:37; hence ( {x,y} \ X = {} iff ( x in X & y in X ) ) by Th32; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:65 for x, y, X being set holds ( {x,y} \ X = {} or {x,y} \ X = {x} or {x,y} \ X = {y} or {x,y} \ X = {x,y} ) proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( {x,y} \ X = {} or {x,y} \ X = {x} or {x,y} \ X = {y} or {x,y} \ X = {x,y} ) assume that A1: {x,y} \ X <> {} and A2: {x,y} \ X <> {x} and A3: {x,y} \ X <> {y} ; ::_thesis: {x,y} \ X = {x,y} A4: ( ( not x in X & x <> y ) or y in X ) by A3, Lm12; ( x in X or ( not y in X & x <> y ) ) by A2, Lm12; hence {x,y} \ X = {x,y} by A1, A4, Th51, XBOOLE_1:83, Th64; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:66 for X, x, y being set holds ( X \ {x,y} = {} iff ( X = {} or X = {x} or X = {y} or X = {x,y} ) ) proof let X, x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( X \ {x,y} = {} iff ( X = {} or X = {x} or X = {y} or X = {x,y} ) ) ( X \ {x,y} = {} iff X c= {x,y} ) by XBOOLE_1:37; hence ( X \ {x,y} = {} iff ( X = {} or X = {x} or X = {y} or X = {x,y} ) ) by Lm14; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:67 for A, B being set st A c= B holds bool A c= bool B proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: ( A c= B implies bool A c= bool B ) assume A1: A c= B ; ::_thesis: bool A c= bool B let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in bool A or x in bool B ) assume x in bool A ; ::_thesis: x in bool B then x c= A by Def1; then x c= B by A1, XBOOLE_1:1; hence x in bool B by Def1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:68 for A being set holds {A} c= bool A proof let A be set ; ::_thesis: {A} c= bool A A in bool A by Def1; hence {A} c= bool A by Lm1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:69 for A, B being set holds (bool A) \/ (bool B) c= bool (A \/ B) proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: (bool A) \/ (bool B) c= bool (A \/ B) let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in (bool A) \/ (bool B) or x in bool (A \/ B) ) assume x in (bool A) \/ (bool B) ; ::_thesis: x in bool (A \/ B) then ( x in bool A or x in bool B ) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; then A1: ( x c= A or x c= B ) by Def1; ( A c= A \/ B & B c= A \/ B ) by XBOOLE_1:7; then x c= A \/ B by A1, XBOOLE_1:1; hence x in bool (A \/ B) by Def1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:70 for A, B being set st (bool A) \/ (bool B) = bool (A \/ B) holds A,B are_c=-comparable proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: ( (bool A) \/ (bool B) = bool (A \/ B) implies A,B are_c=-comparable ) assume A1: (bool A) \/ (bool B) = bool (A \/ B) ; ::_thesis: A,B are_c=-comparable A \/ B in bool (A \/ B) by Def1; then ( A \/ B in bool A or A \/ B in bool B ) by A1, XBOOLE_0:def_3; then A2: ( A \/ B c= A or A \/ B c= B ) by Def1; ( A c= A \/ B & B c= A \/ B ) by XBOOLE_1:7; hence ( A c= B or B c= A ) by A2, XBOOLE_0:def_10; :: according to XBOOLE_0:def_9 ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:71 for A, B being set holds bool (A /\ B) = (bool A) /\ (bool B) proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: bool (A /\ B) = (bool A) /\ (bool B) now__::_thesis:_for_x_being_set_holds_ (_x_in_bool_(A_/\_B)_iff_x_in_(bool_A)_/\_(bool_B)_) let x be set ; ::_thesis: ( x in bool (A /\ B) iff x in (bool A) /\ (bool B) ) ( A /\ B c= A & A /\ B c= B ) by XBOOLE_1:17; then ( ( x c= A & x c= B ) iff x c= A /\ B ) by XBOOLE_1:1, XBOOLE_1:19; then ( ( x in bool A & x in bool B ) iff x in bool (A /\ B) ) by Def1; hence ( x in bool (A /\ B) iff x in (bool A) /\ (bool B) ) by XBOOLE_0:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; hence bool (A /\ B) = (bool A) /\ (bool B) by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:72 for A, B being set holds bool (A \ B) c= {{}} \/ ((bool A) \ (bool B)) proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: bool (A \ B) c= {{}} \/ ((bool A) \ (bool B)) let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in bool (A \ B) or x in {{}} \/ ((bool A) \ (bool B)) ) assume x in bool (A \ B) ; ::_thesis: x in {{}} \/ ((bool A) \ (bool B)) then A1: x c= A \ B by Def1; then x misses B by XBOOLE_1:63, XBOOLE_1:79; then ( A \ B c= A & x /\ B = {} ) by XBOOLE_0:def_7, XBOOLE_1:36; then ( x = {} or ( x c= A & not x c= B ) ) by A1, XBOOLE_1:1, XBOOLE_1:28; then ( x in {{}} or ( x in bool A & not x in bool B ) ) by Def1, TARSKI:def_1; then ( x in {{}} or x in (bool A) \ (bool B) ) by XBOOLE_0:def_5; hence x in {{}} \/ ((bool A) \ (bool B)) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:73 for A, B being set holds (bool (A \ B)) \/ (bool (B \ A)) c= bool (A \+\ B) proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: (bool (A \ B)) \/ (bool (B \ A)) c= bool (A \+\ B) let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in (bool (A \ B)) \/ (bool (B \ A)) or x in bool (A \+\ B) ) assume x in (bool (A \ B)) \/ (bool (B \ A)) ; ::_thesis: x in bool (A \+\ B) then ( x in bool (A \ B) or x in bool (B \ A) ) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; then A1: ( x c= A \ B or x c= B \ A ) by Def1; x c= (A \ B) \/ (B \ A) proof let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in x or z in (A \ B) \/ (B \ A) ) assume z in x ; ::_thesis: z in (A \ B) \/ (B \ A) then ( z in A \ B or z in B \ A ) by A1, TARSKI:def_3; hence z in (A \ B) \/ (B \ A) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; hence x in bool (A \+\ B) by Def1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:74 for X, A being set st X in A holds X c= union A by Lm15; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:75 for X, Y being set holds union {X,Y} = X \/ Y by Lm16; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:76 for A, Z being set st ( for X being set st X in A holds X c= Z ) holds union A c= Z proof let A, Z be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( for X being set st X in A holds X c= Z ) implies union A c= Z ) assume A1: for X being set st X in A holds X c= Z ; ::_thesis: union A c= Z let y be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not y in union A or y in Z ) assume y in union A ; ::_thesis: y in Z then consider Y being set such that A2: y in Y and A3: Y in A by TARSKI:def_4; Y c= Z by A1, A3; hence y in Z by A2, TARSKI:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th77: :: ZFMISC_1:77 for A, B being set st A c= B holds union A c= union B proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: ( A c= B implies union A c= union B ) assume A1: A c= B ; ::_thesis: union A c= union B let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in union A or x in union B ) assume x in union A ; ::_thesis: x in union B then consider Y being set such that A2: x in Y and A3: Y in A by TARSKI:def_4; Y in B by A1, A3, TARSKI:def_3; hence x in union B by A2, TARSKI:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:78 for A, B being set holds union (A \/ B) = (union A) \/ (union B) proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: union (A \/ B) = (union A) \/ (union B) A1: union (A \/ B) c= (union A) \/ (union B) proof let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in union (A \/ B) or x in (union A) \/ (union B) ) assume x in union (A \/ B) ; ::_thesis: x in (union A) \/ (union B) then consider Y being set such that A2: x in Y and A3: Y in A \/ B by TARSKI:def_4; ( Y in A or Y in B ) by A3, XBOOLE_0:def_3; then ( x in union A or x in union B ) by A2, TARSKI:def_4; hence x in (union A) \/ (union B) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; ( union A c= union (A \/ B) & union B c= union (A \/ B) ) by Th77, XBOOLE_1:7; then (union A) \/ (union B) c= union (A \/ B) by XBOOLE_1:8; hence union (A \/ B) = (union A) \/ (union B) by A1, XBOOLE_0:def_10; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th79: :: ZFMISC_1:79 for A, B being set holds union (A /\ B) c= (union A) /\ (union B) proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: union (A /\ B) c= (union A) /\ (union B) let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in union (A /\ B) or x in (union A) /\ (union B) ) assume x in union (A /\ B) ; ::_thesis: x in (union A) /\ (union B) then consider Y being set such that A1: x in Y and A2: Y in A /\ B by TARSKI:def_4; Y in B by A2, XBOOLE_0:def_4; then A3: x in union B by A1, TARSKI:def_4; Y in A by A2, XBOOLE_0:def_4; then x in union A by A1, TARSKI:def_4; hence x in (union A) /\ (union B) by A3, XBOOLE_0:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th80: :: ZFMISC_1:80 for A, B being set st ( for X being set st X in A holds X misses B ) holds union A misses B proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( for X being set st X in A holds X misses B ) implies union A misses B ) assume A1: for X being set st X in A holds X misses B ; ::_thesis: union A misses B assume union A meets B ; ::_thesis: contradiction then consider z being set such that A2: z in (union A) /\ B by XBOOLE_0:4; z in union A by A2, XBOOLE_0:def_4; then consider X being set such that A3: z in X and A4: X in A by TARSKI:def_4; z in B by A2, XBOOLE_0:def_4; then z in X /\ B by A3, XBOOLE_0:def_4; hence contradiction by A1, A4, XBOOLE_0:4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:81 for A being set holds union (bool A) = A proof let A be set ; ::_thesis: union (bool A) = A now__::_thesis:_for_x_being_set_holds_ (_(_x_in_union_(bool_A)_implies_x_in_A_)_&_(_x_in_A_implies_x_in_union_(bool_A)_)_) let x be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( x in union (bool A) implies x in A ) & ( x in A implies x in union (bool A) ) ) thus ( x in union (bool A) implies x in A ) ::_thesis: ( x in A implies x in union (bool A) ) proof assume x in union (bool A) ; ::_thesis: x in A then consider X being set such that A1: x in X and A2: X in bool A by TARSKI:def_4; X c= A by A2, Def1; hence x in A by A1, TARSKI:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; assume x in A ; ::_thesis: x in union (bool A) then {x} c= A by Lm1; then A3: {x} in bool A by Def1; x in {x} by TARSKI:def_1; hence x in union (bool A) by A3, TARSKI:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; hence union (bool A) = A by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:82 for A being set holds A c= bool (union A) proof let A be set ; ::_thesis: A c= bool (union A) let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in A or x in bool (union A) ) assume x in A ; ::_thesis: x in bool (union A) then x c= union A by Lm15; hence x in bool (union A) by Def1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:83 for A, B being set st ( for X, Y being set st X <> Y & X in A \/ B & Y in A \/ B holds X misses Y ) holds union (A /\ B) = (union A) /\ (union B) proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( for X, Y being set st X <> Y & X in A \/ B & Y in A \/ B holds X misses Y ) implies union (A /\ B) = (union A) /\ (union B) ) assume A1: for X, Y being set st X <> Y & X in A \/ B & Y in A \/ B holds X misses Y ; ::_thesis: union (A /\ B) = (union A) /\ (union B) A2: (union A) /\ (union B) c= union (A /\ B) proof let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in (union A) /\ (union B) or x in union (A /\ B) ) assume A3: x in (union A) /\ (union B) ; ::_thesis: x in union (A /\ B) then x in union A by XBOOLE_0:def_4; then consider X being set such that A4: x in X and A5: X in A by TARSKI:def_4; x in union B by A3, XBOOLE_0:def_4; then consider Y being set such that A6: x in Y and A7: Y in B by TARSKI:def_4; now__::_thesis:_not_X_<>_Y B8: x in X /\ Y by A4, A6, XBOOLE_0:def_4; assume A9: X <> Y ; ::_thesis: contradiction ( X in A \/ B & Y in A \/ B ) by A5, A7, XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence contradiction by A1, A9, B8, XBOOLE_0:4; ::_thesis: verum end; then Y in A /\ B by A5, A7, XBOOLE_0:def_4; hence x in union (A /\ B) by A6, TARSKI:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; union (A /\ B) c= (union A) /\ (union B) by Th79; hence union (A /\ B) = (union A) /\ (union B) by A2, XBOOLE_0:def_10; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th84: :: ZFMISC_1:84 for A, X, Y, z being set st A c= [:X,Y:] & z in A holds ex x, y being set st ( x in X & y in Y & z = [x,y] ) proof let A, X, Y, z be set ; ::_thesis: ( A c= [:X,Y:] & z in A implies ex x, y being set st ( x in X & y in Y & z = [x,y] ) ) assume ( A c= [:X,Y:] & z in A ) ; ::_thesis: ex x, y being set st ( x in X & y in Y & z = [x,y] ) then z in [:X,Y:] by TARSKI:def_3; hence ex x, y being set st ( x in X & y in Y & z = [x,y] ) by Def2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th85: :: ZFMISC_1:85 for z, X1, Y1, X2, Y2 being set st z in [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] holds ex x, y being set st ( z = [x,y] & x in X1 /\ X2 & y in Y1 /\ Y2 ) proof let z, X1, Y1, X2, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] implies ex x, y being set st ( z = [x,y] & x in X1 /\ X2 & y in Y1 /\ Y2 ) ) assume A1: z in [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] ; ::_thesis: ex x, y being set st ( z = [x,y] & x in X1 /\ X2 & y in Y1 /\ Y2 ) then z in [:X1,Y1:] by XBOOLE_0:def_4; then consider x1, y1 being set such that A2: x1 in X1 and A3: y1 in Y1 and A4: z = [x1,y1] by Def2; z in [:X2,Y2:] by A1, XBOOLE_0:def_4; then consider x2, y2 being set such that A5: x2 in X2 and A6: y2 in Y2 and A7: z = [x2,y2] by Def2; y1 = y2 by A4, A7, XTUPLE_0:1; then A8: y1 in Y1 /\ Y2 by A3, A6, XBOOLE_0:def_4; x1 = x2 by A4, A7, XTUPLE_0:1; then x1 in X1 /\ X2 by A2, A5, XBOOLE_0:def_4; hence ex x, y being set st ( z = [x,y] & x in X1 /\ X2 & y in Y1 /\ Y2 ) by A4, A8; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:86 for X, Y being set holds [:X,Y:] c= bool (bool (X \/ Y)) proof let X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: [:X,Y:] c= bool (bool (X \/ Y)) let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in [:X,Y:] or z in bool (bool (X \/ Y)) ) assume z in [:X,Y:] ; ::_thesis: z in bool (bool (X \/ Y)) then consider x, y being set such that A1: x in X and A2: y in Y and A3: z = [x,y] by Def2; z c= bool (X \/ Y) proof let u be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not u in z or u in bool (X \/ Y) ) assume u in z ; ::_thesis: u in bool (X \/ Y) then A4: ( u = {x,y} or u = {x} ) by A3, TARSKI:def_2; ( X c= X \/ Y & {x} c= X ) by A1, Lm1, XBOOLE_1:7; then A5: {x} c= X \/ Y by XBOOLE_1:1; ( x in X \/ Y & y in X \/ Y ) by A1, A2, XBOOLE_0:def_3; then {x,y} c= X \/ Y by Th32; hence u in bool (X \/ Y) by A5, A4, Def1; ::_thesis: verum end; hence z in bool (bool (X \/ Y)) by Def1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:87 for x, y, X, Y being set holds ( [x,y] in [:X,Y:] iff ( x in X & y in Y ) ) by Lm17; theorem Th88: :: ZFMISC_1:88 for x, y, X, Y being set st [x,y] in [:X,Y:] holds [y,x] in [:Y,X:] proof let x, y, X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:X,Y:] implies [y,x] in [:Y,X:] ) ( [x,y] in [:X,Y:] implies ( x in X & y in Y ) ) by Lm17; hence ( [x,y] in [:X,Y:] implies [y,x] in [:Y,X:] ) by Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:89 for X1, Y1, X2, Y2 being set st ( for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in [:X1,Y1:] iff [x,y] in [:X2,Y2:] ) ) holds [:X1,Y1:] = [:X2,Y2:] proof let X1, Y1, X2, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in [:X1,Y1:] iff [x,y] in [:X2,Y2:] ) ) implies [:X1,Y1:] = [:X2,Y2:] ) assume A1: for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in [:X1,Y1:] iff [x,y] in [:X2,Y2:] ) ; ::_thesis: [:X1,Y1:] = [:X2,Y2:] now__::_thesis:_for_z_being_set_holds_ (_(_z_in_[:X1,Y1:]_implies_z_in_[:X2,Y2:]_)_&_(_z_in_[:X2,Y2:]_implies_z_in_[:X1,Y1:]_)_) let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( z in [:X1,Y1:] implies z in [:X2,Y2:] ) & ( z in [:X2,Y2:] implies z in [:X1,Y1:] ) ) thus ( z in [:X1,Y1:] implies z in [:X2,Y2:] ) ::_thesis: ( z in [:X2,Y2:] implies z in [:X1,Y1:] ) proof assume A2: z in [:X1,Y1:] ; ::_thesis: z in [:X2,Y2:] then ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in Y1 & [x,y] = z ) by Def2; hence z in [:X2,Y2:] by A1, A2; ::_thesis: verum end; assume A3: z in [:X2,Y2:] ; ::_thesis: z in [:X1,Y1:] then ex x, y being set st ( x in X2 & y in Y2 & [x,y] = z ) by Def2; hence z in [:X1,Y1:] by A1, A3; ::_thesis: verum end; hence [:X1,Y1:] = [:X2,Y2:] by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm18: for A, X1, Y1, B, X2, Y2 being set st A c= [:X1,Y1:] & B c= [:X2,Y2:] & ( for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in A iff [x,y] in B ) ) holds A = B proof let A, X1, Y1, B, X2, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( A c= [:X1,Y1:] & B c= [:X2,Y2:] & ( for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in A iff [x,y] in B ) ) implies A = B ) assume that A1: A c= [:X1,Y1:] and A2: B c= [:X2,Y2:] and A3: for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in A iff [x,y] in B ) ; ::_thesis: A = B now__::_thesis:_for_z_being_set_holds_ (_z_in_A_iff_z_in_B_) let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in A iff z in B ) A4: ( z in B implies ex x, y being set st ( x in X2 & y in Y2 & z = [x,y] ) ) by A2, Th84; ( z in A implies ex x, y being set st ( x in X1 & y in Y1 & z = [x,y] ) ) by A1, Th84; hence ( z in A iff z in B ) by A3, A4; ::_thesis: verum end; hence A = B by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm19: for A, B being set st ( for z being set st z in A holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] ) & ( for z being set st z in B holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] ) & ( for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in A iff [x,y] in B ) ) holds A = B proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( for z being set st z in A holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] ) & ( for z being set st z in B holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] ) & ( for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in A iff [x,y] in B ) ) implies A = B ) assume that A1: for z being set st z in A holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] and A2: for z being set st z in B holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] and A3: for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in A iff [x,y] in B ) ; ::_thesis: A = B now__::_thesis:_for_z_being_set_holds_ (_z_in_A_iff_z_in_B_) let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in A iff z in B ) A4: ( z in B implies ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] ) by A2; ( z in A implies ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] ) by A1; hence ( z in A iff z in B ) by A3, A4; ::_thesis: verum end; hence A = B by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th90: :: ZFMISC_1:90 for X, Y being set holds ( [:X,Y:] = {} iff ( X = {} or Y = {} ) ) proof let X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( [:X,Y:] = {} iff ( X = {} or Y = {} ) ) thus ( not [:X,Y:] = {} or X = {} or Y = {} ) ::_thesis: ( ( X = {} or Y = {} ) implies [:X,Y:] = {} ) proof assume A1: [:X,Y:] = {} ; ::_thesis: ( X = {} or Y = {} ) assume X <> {} ; ::_thesis: Y = {} then consider x being set such that A2: x in X by XBOOLE_0:7; assume Y <> {} ; ::_thesis: contradiction then consider y being set such that A3: y in Y by XBOOLE_0:7; [x,y] in [:X,Y:] by A2, A3, Def2; hence contradiction by A1; ::_thesis: verum end; assume A4: ( ( X = {} or Y = {} ) & not [:X,Y:] = {} ) ; ::_thesis: contradiction then consider z being set such that A5: z in [:X,Y:] by XBOOLE_0:7; A6: now__::_thesis:_not_Y_=_{} assume A7: Y = {} ; ::_thesis: contradiction ex x, y being set st ( x in X & y in Y & [x,y] = z ) by A5, Def2; hence contradiction by A7; ::_thesis: verum end; now__::_thesis:_not_X_=_{} assume A8: X = {} ; ::_thesis: contradiction ex x, y being set st ( x in X & y in Y & [x,y] = z ) by A5, Def2; hence contradiction by A8; ::_thesis: verum end; hence contradiction by A4, A6; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:91 for X, Y being set st X <> {} & Y <> {} & [:X,Y:] = [:Y,X:] holds X = Y proof let X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( X <> {} & Y <> {} & [:X,Y:] = [:Y,X:] implies X = Y ) assume X <> {} ; ::_thesis: ( not Y <> {} or not [:X,Y:] = [:Y,X:] or X = Y ) then consider x being set such that A1: x in X by XBOOLE_0:7; assume Y <> {} ; ::_thesis: ( not [:X,Y:] = [:Y,X:] or X = Y ) then consider y being set such that A2: y in Y by XBOOLE_0:7; assume A3: [:X,Y:] = [:Y,X:] ; ::_thesis: X = Y for z being set holds ( z in X iff z in Y ) proof let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in X iff z in Y ) thus ( z in X implies z in Y ) ::_thesis: ( z in Y implies z in X ) proof assume z in X ; ::_thesis: z in Y then [z,y] in [:Y,X:] by A2, A3, Lm17; hence z in Y by Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; assume z in Y ; ::_thesis: z in X then [z,x] in [:X,Y:] by A1, A3, Lm17; hence z in X by Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; hence X = Y by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:92 for X, Y being set st [:X,X:] = [:Y,Y:] holds X = Y proof let X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( [:X,X:] = [:Y,Y:] implies X = Y ) assume A1: [:X,X:] = [:Y,Y:] ; ::_thesis: X = Y for x being set holds ( x in X iff x in Y ) proof let x be set ; ::_thesis: ( x in X iff x in Y ) ( x in X iff [x,x] in [:X,X:] ) by Lm17; hence ( x in X iff x in Y ) by A1, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; hence X = Y by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm20: for z, X, Y being set st z in [:X,Y:] holds ex x, y being set st [x,y] = z proof let z, X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in [:X,Y:] implies ex x, y being set st [x,y] = z ) assume z in [:X,Y:] ; ::_thesis: ex x, y being set st [x,y] = z then ex x, y being set st ( x in X & y in Y & [x,y] = z ) by Def2; hence ex x, y being set st [x,y] = z ; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:93 for X being set st X c= [:X,X:] holds X = {} proof let X be set ; ::_thesis: ( X c= [:X,X:] implies X = {} ) assume A1: X c= [:X,X:] ; ::_thesis: X = {} assume X <> {} ; ::_thesis: contradiction then consider z being set such that A2: z in X by XBOOLE_0:7; consider Y being set such that A3: Y in X \/ (union X) and A4: X \/ (union X) misses Y by XREGULAR:1, A2; now__::_thesis:_not_Y_in_X assume A5: Y in X ; ::_thesis: contradiction then consider x, y being set such that A6: Y = [x,y] by Lm20, A1, TARSKI:def_3; A7: {x} in Y by A6, TARSKI:def_2; Y c= union X by A5, Lm15; then {x} in union X by A7, TARSKI:def_3; then {x} in X \/ (union X) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence contradiction by A4, A7, XBOOLE_0:3; ::_thesis: verum end; then Y in union X by A3, XBOOLE_0:def_3; then consider Z being set such that A8: Y in Z and A9: Z in X by TARSKI:def_4; Z in [:X,X:] by A1, A9, TARSKI:def_3; then consider x, y being set such that A10: x in X and y in X and A11: Z = [x,y] by Def2; ( Y = {x} or Y = {x,y} ) by A8, A11, TARSKI:def_2; then A12: x in Y by TARSKI:def_1, TARSKI:def_2; x in X \/ (union X) by A10, XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence contradiction by A4, A12, XBOOLE_0:3; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:94 for Z, X, Y being set st Z <> {} & ( [:X,Z:] c= [:Y,Z:] or [:Z,X:] c= [:Z,Y:] ) holds X c= Y proof let Z, X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( Z <> {} & ( [:X,Z:] c= [:Y,Z:] or [:Z,X:] c= [:Z,Y:] ) implies X c= Y ) assume Z <> {} ; ::_thesis: ( ( not [:X,Z:] c= [:Y,Z:] & not [:Z,X:] c= [:Z,Y:] ) or X c= Y ) then consider z being set such that A1: z in Z by XBOOLE_0:7; assume A2: ( [:X,Z:] c= [:Y,Z:] or [:Z,X:] c= [:Z,Y:] ) ; ::_thesis: X c= Y let x be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not x in X or x in Y ) assume x in X ; ::_thesis: x in Y then ( [x,z] in [:X,Z:] & [z,x] in [:Z,X:] ) by A1, Def2; then ( [x,z] in [:Y,Z:] or [z,x] in [:Z,Y:] ) by A2, TARSKI:def_3; hence x in Y by Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th95: :: ZFMISC_1:95 for X, Y, Z being set st X c= Y holds ( [:X,Z:] c= [:Y,Z:] & [:Z,X:] c= [:Z,Y:] ) proof let X, Y, Z be set ; ::_thesis: ( X c= Y implies ( [:X,Z:] c= [:Y,Z:] & [:Z,X:] c= [:Z,Y:] ) ) assume A1: X c= Y ; ::_thesis: ( [:X,Z:] c= [:Y,Z:] & [:Z,X:] c= [:Z,Y:] ) thus [:X,Z:] c= [:Y,Z:] ::_thesis: [:Z,X:] c= [:Z,Y:] proof let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in [:X,Z:] or z in [:Y,Z:] ) assume z in [:X,Z:] ; ::_thesis: z in [:Y,Z:] then consider x, y being set such that A2: x in X and A3: ( y in Z & z = [x,y] ) by Def2; x in Y by A1, A2, TARSKI:def_3; hence z in [:Y,Z:] by A3, Def2; ::_thesis: verum end; let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in [:Z,X:] or z in [:Z,Y:] ) assume z in [:Z,X:] ; ::_thesis: z in [:Z,Y:] then consider y, x being set such that A4: y in Z and A5: x in X and A6: z = [y,x] by Def2; x in Y by A1, A5, TARSKI:def_3; hence z in [:Z,Y:] by A4, A6, Def2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th96: :: ZFMISC_1:96 for X1, Y1, X2, Y2 being set st X1 c= Y1 & X2 c= Y2 holds [:X1,X2:] c= [:Y1,Y2:] proof let X1, Y1, X2, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( X1 c= Y1 & X2 c= Y2 implies [:X1,X2:] c= [:Y1,Y2:] ) assume ( X1 c= Y1 & X2 c= Y2 ) ; ::_thesis: [:X1,X2:] c= [:Y1,Y2:] then ( [:X1,X2:] c= [:Y1,X2:] & [:Y1,X2:] c= [:Y1,Y2:] ) by Th95; hence [:X1,X2:] c= [:Y1,Y2:] by XBOOLE_1:1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th97: :: ZFMISC_1:97 for X, Y, Z being set holds ( [:(X \/ Y),Z:] = [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] & [:Z,(X \/ Y):] = [:Z,X:] \/ [:Z,Y:] ) proof let X, Y, Z be set ; ::_thesis: ( [:(X \/ Y),Z:] = [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] & [:Z,(X \/ Y):] = [:Z,X:] \/ [:Z,Y:] ) A1: for z being set st z in [:(X \/ Y),Z:] holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] by Lm20; A2: for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in [:(X \/ Y),Z:] iff [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] ) proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:(X \/ Y),Z:] iff [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] ) thus ( [x,y] in [:(X \/ Y),Z:] implies [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] ) ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] implies [x,y] in [:(X \/ Y),Z:] ) proof assume A3: [x,y] in [:(X \/ Y),Z:] ; ::_thesis: [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] then x in X \/ Y by Lm17; then A4: ( x in X or x in Y ) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; y in Z by A3, Lm17; then ( [x,y] in [:X,Z:] or [x,y] in [:Y,Z:] ) by A4, Lm17; hence [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] by XBOOLE_0:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; assume [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] ; ::_thesis: [x,y] in [:(X \/ Y),Z:] then ( [x,y] in [:X,Z:] or [x,y] in [:Y,Z:] ) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; then A5: ( ( x in X & y in Z ) or ( x in Y & y in Z ) ) by Lm17; then x in X \/ Y by XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence [x,y] in [:(X \/ Y),Z:] by A5, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; A6: for z, X1, X2, Y1, Y2 being set st z in [:X1,X2:] \/ [:Y1,Y2:] holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] proof let z, X1, X2, Y1, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in [:X1,X2:] \/ [:Y1,Y2:] implies ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] ) assume z in [:X1,X2:] \/ [:Y1,Y2:] ; ::_thesis: ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] then ( z in [:X1,X2:] or z in [:Y1,Y2:] ) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] by Lm20; ::_thesis: verum end; then for z being set st z in [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] ; hence A7: [:(X \/ Y),Z:] = [:X,Z:] \/ [:Y,Z:] by A1, A2, Lm19; ::_thesis: [:Z,(X \/ Y):] = [:Z,X:] \/ [:Z,Y:] A8: for y, x being set holds ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X \/ Y):] iff [y,x] in [:Z,X:] \/ [:Z,Y:] ) proof let y, x be set ; ::_thesis: ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X \/ Y):] iff [y,x] in [:Z,X:] \/ [:Z,Y:] ) A9: ( ( ( not [x,y] in [:X,Z:] & not [x,y] in [:Y,Z:] ) or [y,x] in [:Z,X:] or [y,x] in [:Z,Y:] ) & ( ( not [y,x] in [:Z,X:] & not [y,x] in [:Z,Y:] ) or [x,y] in [:X,Z:] or [x,y] in [:Y,Z:] ) ) by Th88; ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X \/ Y):] iff [x,y] in [:(X \/ Y),Z:] ) by Th88; hence ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X \/ Y):] iff [y,x] in [:Z,X:] \/ [:Z,Y:] ) by A7, A9, XBOOLE_0:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; A10: for z being set st z in [:Z,(X \/ Y):] holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] by Lm20; for z being set st z in [:Z,X:] \/ [:Z,Y:] holds ex x, y being set st z = [x,y] by A6; hence [:Z,(X \/ Y):] = [:Z,X:] \/ [:Z,Y:] by A10, A8, Lm19; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:98 for X1, X2, Y1, Y2 being set holds [:(X1 \/ X2),(Y1 \/ Y2):] = (([:X1,Y1:] \/ [:X1,Y2:]) \/ [:X2,Y1:]) \/ [:X2,Y2:] proof let X1, X2, Y1, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: [:(X1 \/ X2),(Y1 \/ Y2):] = (([:X1,Y1:] \/ [:X1,Y2:]) \/ [:X2,Y1:]) \/ [:X2,Y2:] thus [:(X1 \/ X2),(Y1 \/ Y2):] = [:X1,(Y1 \/ Y2):] \/ [:X2,(Y1 \/ Y2):] by Th97 .= ([:X1,Y1:] \/ [:X1,Y2:]) \/ [:X2,(Y1 \/ Y2):] by Th97 .= ([:X1,Y1:] \/ [:X1,Y2:]) \/ ([:X2,Y1:] \/ [:X2,Y2:]) by Th97 .= (([:X1,Y1:] \/ [:X1,Y2:]) \/ [:X2,Y1:]) \/ [:X2,Y2:] by XBOOLE_1:4 ; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:99 for X, Y, Z being set holds ( [:(X /\ Y),Z:] = [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] & [:Z,(X /\ Y):] = [:Z,X:] /\ [:Z,Y:] ) proof let X, Y, Z be set ; ::_thesis: ( [:(X /\ Y),Z:] = [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] & [:Z,(X /\ Y):] = [:Z,X:] /\ [:Z,Y:] ) A1: for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in [:(X /\ Y),Z:] iff [x,y] in [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] ) proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:(X /\ Y),Z:] iff [x,y] in [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] ) thus ( [x,y] in [:(X /\ Y),Z:] implies [x,y] in [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] ) ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] implies [x,y] in [:(X /\ Y),Z:] ) proof assume A2: [x,y] in [:(X /\ Y),Z:] ; ::_thesis: [x,y] in [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] then A3: x in X /\ Y by Lm17; A4: y in Z by A2, Lm17; x in Y by A3, XBOOLE_0:def_4; then A5: [x,y] in [:Y,Z:] by A4, Lm17; x in X by A3, XBOOLE_0:def_4; then [x,y] in [:X,Z:] by A4, Lm17; hence [x,y] in [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] by A5, XBOOLE_0:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; assume A6: [x,y] in [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] ; ::_thesis: [x,y] in [:(X /\ Y),Z:] then [x,y] in [:Y,Z:] by XBOOLE_0:def_4; then A7: x in Y by Lm17; A8: [x,y] in [:X,Z:] by A6, XBOOLE_0:def_4; then x in X by Lm17; then A9: x in X /\ Y by A7, XBOOLE_0:def_4; y in Z by A8, Lm17; hence [x,y] in [:(X /\ Y),Z:] by A9, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] c= [:X,Z:] by XBOOLE_1:17; hence A10: [:(X /\ Y),Z:] = [:X,Z:] /\ [:Y,Z:] by A1, Lm18; ::_thesis: [:Z,(X /\ Y):] = [:Z,X:] /\ [:Z,Y:] A11: for y, x being set holds ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X /\ Y):] iff [y,x] in [:Z,X:] /\ [:Z,Y:] ) proof let y, x be set ; ::_thesis: ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X /\ Y):] iff [y,x] in [:Z,X:] /\ [:Z,Y:] ) A12: ( [x,y] in [:X,Z:] & [x,y] in [:Y,Z:] iff ( [y,x] in [:Z,X:] & [y,x] in [:Z,Y:] ) ) by Th88; ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X /\ Y):] iff [x,y] in [:(X /\ Y),Z:] ) by Th88; hence ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X /\ Y):] iff [y,x] in [:Z,X:] /\ [:Z,Y:] ) by A10, A12, XBOOLE_0:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; [:Z,X:] /\ [:Z,Y:] c= [:Z,X:] by XBOOLE_1:17; hence [:Z,(X /\ Y):] = [:Z,X:] /\ [:Z,Y:] by A11, Lm18; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th100: :: ZFMISC_1:100 for X1, X2, Y1, Y2 being set holds [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] = [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] proof let X1, X2, Y1, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] = [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] ( Y1 /\ Y2 c= Y2 & X1 /\ X2 c= X2 ) by XBOOLE_1:17; then A1: [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] c= [:X2,Y2:] by Th96; A2: [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] c= [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] proof let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] or z in [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] ) assume z in [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] ; ::_thesis: z in [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] then ex x, y being set st ( z = [x,y] & x in X1 /\ X2 & y in Y1 /\ Y2 ) by Th85; hence z in [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] by Def2; ::_thesis: verum end; ( Y1 /\ Y2 c= Y1 & X1 /\ X2 c= X1 ) by XBOOLE_1:17; then [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] c= [:X1,Y1:] by Th96; then [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] c= [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] by A1, XBOOLE_1:19; hence [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] = [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] by A2, XBOOLE_0:def_10; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:101 for A, X, B, Y being set st A c= X & B c= Y holds [:A,Y:] /\ [:X,B:] = [:A,B:] proof let A, X, B, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( A c= X & B c= Y implies [:A,Y:] /\ [:X,B:] = [:A,B:] ) assume that A1: A c= X and A2: B c= Y ; ::_thesis: [:A,Y:] /\ [:X,B:] = [:A,B:] A3: [:A,Y:] /\ [:X,B:] = [:(A /\ X),(Y /\ B):] by Th100; A /\ X = A by A1, XBOOLE_1:28; hence [:A,Y:] /\ [:X,B:] = [:A,B:] by A2, A3, XBOOLE_1:28; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th102: :: ZFMISC_1:102 for X, Y, Z being set holds ( [:(X \ Y),Z:] = [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] & [:Z,(X \ Y):] = [:Z,X:] \ [:Z,Y:] ) proof let X, Y, Z be set ; ::_thesis: ( [:(X \ Y),Z:] = [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] & [:Z,(X \ Y):] = [:Z,X:] \ [:Z,Y:] ) A1: for x, y being set holds ( [x,y] in [:(X \ Y),Z:] iff [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] ) proof let x, y be set ; ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:(X \ Y),Z:] iff [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] ) thus ( [x,y] in [:(X \ Y),Z:] implies [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] ) ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] implies [x,y] in [:(X \ Y),Z:] ) proof assume A2: [x,y] in [:(X \ Y),Z:] ; ::_thesis: [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] then A3: x in X \ Y by Lm17; then A4: x in X by XBOOLE_0:def_5; not x in Y by A3, XBOOLE_0:def_5; then A5: not [x,y] in [:Y,Z:] by Lm17; y in Z by A2, Lm17; then [x,y] in [:X,Z:] by A4, Lm17; hence [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] by A5, XBOOLE_0:def_5; ::_thesis: verum end; assume A6: [x,y] in [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] ; ::_thesis: [x,y] in [:(X \ Y),Z:] then A7: [x,y] in [:X,Z:] by XBOOLE_0:def_5; then A8: y in Z by Lm17; not [x,y] in [:Y,Z:] by A6, XBOOLE_0:def_5; then A9: ( not x in Y or not y in Z ) by Lm17; x in X by A7, Lm17; then x in X \ Y by A7, A9, Lm17, XBOOLE_0:def_5; hence [x,y] in [:(X \ Y),Z:] by A8, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] c= [:X,Z:] by XBOOLE_1:36; hence A10: [:(X \ Y),Z:] = [:X,Z:] \ [:Y,Z:] by A1, Lm18; ::_thesis: [:Z,(X \ Y):] = [:Z,X:] \ [:Z,Y:] A11: for y, x being set holds ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X \ Y):] iff [y,x] in [:Z,X:] \ [:Z,Y:] ) proof let y, x be set ; ::_thesis: ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X \ Y):] iff [y,x] in [:Z,X:] \ [:Z,Y:] ) A12: ( [x,y] in [:X,Z:] & not [x,y] in [:Y,Z:] iff ( [y,x] in [:Z,X:] & not [y,x] in [:Z,Y:] ) ) by Th88; ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X \ Y):] iff [x,y] in [:(X \ Y),Z:] ) by Th88; hence ( [y,x] in [:Z,(X \ Y):] iff [y,x] in [:Z,X:] \ [:Z,Y:] ) by A10, A12, XBOOLE_0:def_5; ::_thesis: verum end; [:Z,X:] \ [:Z,Y:] c= [:Z,X:] by XBOOLE_1:36; hence [:Z,(X \ Y):] = [:Z,X:] \ [:Z,Y:] by A11, Lm18; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:103 for X1, X2, Y1, Y2 being set holds [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] = [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] proof let X1, X2, Y1, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] = [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] A1: [:Y1,X2:] /\ [:X1,Y2:] = [:(Y1 /\ X1),(X2 /\ Y2):] by Th100; ( Y1 /\ X1 c= Y1 & X2 /\ Y2 c= Y2 ) by XBOOLE_1:17; then A2: [:(Y1 /\ X1),(X2 /\ Y2):] c= [:Y1,Y2:] by Th96; A3: [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] c= [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] proof let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] or z in [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] ) A4: now__::_thesis:_(_z_in_[:(X1_\_Y1),X2:]_&_z_in_[:(X1_\_Y1),X2:]_\/_[:X1,(X2_\_Y2):]_implies_z_in_[:X1,X2:]_\_[:Y1,Y2:]_) assume z in [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] ; ::_thesis: ( not z in [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] or z in [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] ) then consider x, y being set such that A5: x in X1 \ Y1 and A6: y in X2 and A7: z = [x,y] by Def2; not x in Y1 by A5, XBOOLE_0:def_5; then A8: not z in [:Y1,Y2:] by A7, Lm17; x in X1 by A5, XBOOLE_0:def_5; then z in [:X1,X2:] by A6, A7, Lm17; hence ( not z in [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] or z in [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] ) by A8, XBOOLE_0:def_5; ::_thesis: verum end; A9: now__::_thesis:_(_z_in_[:X1,(X2_\_Y2):]_&_z_in_[:(X1_\_Y1),X2:]_\/_[:X1,(X2_\_Y2):]_implies_z_in_[:X1,X2:]_\_[:Y1,Y2:]_) assume z in [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] ; ::_thesis: ( not z in [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] or z in [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] ) then consider x, y being set such that A10: x in X1 and A11: y in X2 \ Y2 and A12: z = [x,y] by Def2; not y in Y2 by A11, XBOOLE_0:def_5; then A13: not z in [:Y1,Y2:] by A12, Lm17; y in X2 by A11, XBOOLE_0:def_5; then z in [:X1,X2:] by A10, A12, Lm17; hence ( not z in [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] or z in [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] ) by A13, XBOOLE_0:def_5; ::_thesis: verum end; assume z in [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] ; ::_thesis: z in [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] hence z in [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] by A4, A9, XBOOLE_0:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; ( [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] = [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,X2:] & [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] = [:X1,X2:] \ [:X1,Y2:] ) by Th102; then [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] = [:X1,X2:] \ [:(Y1 /\ X1),(X2 /\ Y2):] by A1, XBOOLE_1:54; then [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] c= [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] by A2, XBOOLE_1:34; hence [:X1,X2:] \ [:Y1,Y2:] = [:(X1 \ Y1),X2:] \/ [:X1,(X2 \ Y2):] by A3, XBOOLE_0:def_10; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th104: :: ZFMISC_1:104 for X1, X2, Y1, Y2 being set st ( X1 misses X2 or Y1 misses Y2 ) holds [:X1,Y1:] misses [:X2,Y2:] proof let X1, X2, Y1, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( X1 misses X2 or Y1 misses Y2 ) implies [:X1,Y1:] misses [:X2,Y2:] ) assume A1: ( X1 misses X2 or Y1 misses Y2 ) ; ::_thesis: [:X1,Y1:] misses [:X2,Y2:] assume not [:X1,Y1:] misses [:X2,Y2:] ; ::_thesis: contradiction then consider z being set such that A2: z in [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] by XBOOLE_0:4; ex x, y being set st ( z = [x,y] & x in X1 /\ X2 & y in Y1 /\ Y2 ) by A2, Th85; hence contradiction by A1, XBOOLE_0:4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:105 for x, y, z, Y being set holds ( [x,y] in [:{z},Y:] iff ( x = z & y in Y ) ) proof let x, y, z, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:{z},Y:] iff ( x = z & y in Y ) ) A1: ( x in {z} iff x = z ) by TARSKI:def_1; hence ( [x,y] in [:{z},Y:] implies ( x = z & y in Y ) ) by Lm17; ::_thesis: ( x = z & y in Y implies [x,y] in [:{z},Y:] ) thus ( x = z & y in Y implies [x,y] in [:{z},Y:] ) by A1, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:106 for x, y, X, z being set holds ( [x,y] in [:X,{z}:] iff ( x in X & y = z ) ) proof let x, y, X, z be set ; ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in [:X,{z}:] iff ( x in X & y = z ) ) A1: ( y in {z} iff y = z ) by TARSKI:def_1; hence ( [x,y] in [:X,{z}:] implies ( x in X & y = z ) ) by Lm17; ::_thesis: ( x in X & y = z implies [x,y] in [:X,{z}:] ) thus ( x in X & y = z implies [x,y] in [:X,{z}:] ) by A1, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:107 for X, x being set st X <> {} holds ( [:{x},X:] <> {} & [:X,{x}:] <> {} ) by Th90; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:108 for x, y, X, Y being set st x <> y holds ( [:{x},X:] misses [:{y},Y:] & [:X,{x}:] misses [:Y,{y}:] ) proof let x, y, X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( x <> y implies ( [:{x},X:] misses [:{y},Y:] & [:X,{x}:] misses [:Y,{y}:] ) ) assume x <> y ; ::_thesis: ( [:{x},X:] misses [:{y},Y:] & [:X,{x}:] misses [:Y,{y}:] ) then {x} misses {y} by Th11; hence ( [:{x},X:] misses [:{y},Y:] & [:X,{x}:] misses [:Y,{y}:] ) by Th104; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:109 for x, y, X being set holds ( [:{x,y},X:] = [:{x},X:] \/ [:{y},X:] & [:X,{x,y}:] = [:X,{x}:] \/ [:X,{y}:] ) proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( [:{x,y},X:] = [:{x},X:] \/ [:{y},X:] & [:X,{x,y}:] = [:X,{x}:] \/ [:X,{y}:] ) {x,y} = {x} \/ {y} by ENUMSET1:1; hence ( [:{x,y},X:] = [:{x},X:] \/ [:{y},X:] & [:X,{x,y}:] = [:X,{x}:] \/ [:X,{y}:] ) by Th97; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th110: :: ZFMISC_1:110 for X1, Y1, X2, Y2 being set st X1 <> {} & Y1 <> {} & [:X1,Y1:] = [:X2,Y2:] holds ( X1 = X2 & Y1 = Y2 ) proof let X1, Y1, X2, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( X1 <> {} & Y1 <> {} & [:X1,Y1:] = [:X2,Y2:] implies ( X1 = X2 & Y1 = Y2 ) ) assume A1: X1 <> {} ; ::_thesis: ( not Y1 <> {} or not [:X1,Y1:] = [:X2,Y2:] or ( X1 = X2 & Y1 = Y2 ) ) then consider x being set such that A2: x in X1 by XBOOLE_0:7; assume A3: Y1 <> {} ; ::_thesis: ( not [:X1,Y1:] = [:X2,Y2:] or ( X1 = X2 & Y1 = Y2 ) ) then consider y being set such that A4: y in Y1 by XBOOLE_0:7; assume A5: [:X1,Y1:] = [:X2,Y2:] ; ::_thesis: ( X1 = X2 & Y1 = Y2 ) then A6: [:X2,Y2:] <> {} by A1, A3, Th90; then A7: Y2 <> {} by Th90; for z being set holds ( z in X1 iff z in X2 ) proof let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in X1 iff z in X2 ) consider y2 being set such that A8: y2 in Y2 by A7, XBOOLE_0:7; thus ( z in X1 implies z in X2 ) ::_thesis: ( z in X2 implies z in X1 ) proof assume z in X1 ; ::_thesis: z in X2 then [z,y] in [:X2,Y2:] by A4, A5, Lm17; hence z in X2 by Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; assume z in X2 ; ::_thesis: z in X1 then [z,y2] in [:X2,Y2:] by A8, Lm17; hence z in X1 by A5, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; hence X1 = X2 by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: Y1 = Y2 A9: X2 <> {} by A6, Th90; for z being set holds ( z in Y1 iff z in Y2 ) proof let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( z in Y1 iff z in Y2 ) consider x2 being set such that A10: x2 in X2 by A9, XBOOLE_0:7; thus ( z in Y1 implies z in Y2 ) ::_thesis: ( z in Y2 implies z in Y1 ) proof assume z in Y1 ; ::_thesis: z in Y2 then [x,z] in [:X2,Y2:] by A2, A5, Lm17; hence z in Y2 by Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; assume z in Y2 ; ::_thesis: z in Y1 then [x2,z] in [:X2,Y2:] by A10, Lm17; hence z in Y1 by A5, Lm17; ::_thesis: verum end; hence Y1 = Y2 by TARSKI:1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:111 for X, Y being set st ( X c= [:X,Y:] or X c= [:Y,X:] ) holds X = {} proof let X, Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( X c= [:X,Y:] or X c= [:Y,X:] ) implies X = {} ) assume A1: ( X c= [:X,Y:] or X c= [:Y,X:] ) ; ::_thesis: X = {} assume A2: X <> {} ; ::_thesis: contradiction A3: now__::_thesis:_not_X_c=_[:Y,X:] defpred S1[ set ] means ex Y being set st ( $1 = Y & ex z being set st ( z in Y & z in X ) ); consider Z being set such that A4: for y being set holds ( y in Z iff ( y in union X & S1[y] ) ) from XBOOLE_0:sch_1(); consider Y2 being set such that A5: Y2 in X \/ Z and A6: X \/ Z misses Y2 by XREGULAR:1, A2; now__::_thesis:_ex_Y2_being_set_st_ (_Y2_in_X_&_(_for_Y1_being_set_st_Y1_in_Y2_holds_ for_z_being_set_holds_ (_not_z_in_Y1_or_not_z_in_X_)_)_) assume A7: for Y2 being set holds ( not Y2 in X or ex Y1 being set st ( Y1 in Y2 & ex z being set st ( z in Y1 & z in X ) ) ) ; ::_thesis: contradiction now__::_thesis:_not_Y2_in_X assume A8: Y2 in X ; ::_thesis: contradiction then consider Y1 being set such that A9: Y1 in Y2 and A10: ex z being set st ( z in Y1 & z in X ) by A7; Y1 in union X by A8, A9, TARSKI:def_4; then Y1 in Z by A4, A10; then Y1 in X \/ Z by XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence contradiction by A6, A9, XBOOLE_0:3; ::_thesis: verum end; then Y2 in Z by A5, XBOOLE_0:def_3; then ex X2 being set st ( Y2 = X2 & ex z being set st ( z in X2 & z in X ) ) by A4; then consider z being set such that A11: z in Y2 and A12: z in X ; z in X \/ Z by A12, XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence contradiction by A6, A11, XBOOLE_0:3; ::_thesis: verum end; then consider Y1 being set such that A13: Y1 in X and A14: for Y2 being set holds ( not Y2 in Y1 or for z being set holds ( not z in Y2 or not z in X ) ) ; A15: now__::_thesis:_for_y,_x_being_set_holds_ (_not_x_in_X_or_not_Y1_=_[y,x]_) given y, x being set such that A16: x in X and A17: Y1 = [y,x] ; ::_thesis: contradiction A18: x in {y,x} by TARSKI:def_2; {y,x} in Y1 by A17, TARSKI:def_2; hence contradiction by A14, A16, A18; ::_thesis: verum end; assume X c= [:Y,X:] ; ::_thesis: contradiction then Y1 in [:Y,X:] by A13, TARSKI:def_3; then ex y, x being set st ( y in Y & x in X & Y1 = [y,x] ) by Def2; hence contradiction by A15; ::_thesis: verum end; now__::_thesis:_not_X_c=_[:X,Y:] consider z being set such that A19: z in X by A2, XBOOLE_0:7; consider Y1 being set such that A20: Y1 in X \/ (union X) and A21: X \/ (union X) misses Y1 by XREGULAR:1, A19; assume A22: X c= [:X,Y:] ; ::_thesis: contradiction now__::_thesis:_not_Y1_in_X assume A23: Y1 in X ; ::_thesis: contradiction then consider x, y being set such that A24: Y1 = [x,y] by Lm20, A22, TARSKI:def_3; A25: {x} in Y1 by A24, TARSKI:def_2; Y1 c= union X by A23, Lm15; then {x} in union X by A25, TARSKI:def_3; then {x} in X \/ (union X) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence contradiction by A21, A25, XBOOLE_0:3; ::_thesis: verum end; then Y1 in union X by A20, XBOOLE_0:def_3; then consider Y2 being set such that A26: Y1 in Y2 and A27: Y2 in X by TARSKI:def_4; Y2 in [:X,Y:] by A22, A27, TARSKI:def_3; then consider x, y being set such that A28: x in X and y in Y and A29: Y2 = [x,y] by Def2; ( Y1 = {x} or Y1 = {x,y} ) by A26, A29, TARSKI:def_2; then A30: x in Y1 by TARSKI:def_1, TARSKI:def_2; x in X \/ (union X) by A28, XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence contradiction by A21, A30, XBOOLE_0:3; ::_thesis: verum end; hence contradiction by A1, A3; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:112 for N being set ex M being set st ( N in M & ( for X, Y being set st X in M & Y c= X holds Y in M ) & ( for X being set st X in M holds bool X in M ) & ( for X being set holds ( not X c= M or X,M are_equipotent or X in M ) ) ) proof let N be set ; ::_thesis: ex M being set st ( N in M & ( for X, Y being set st X in M & Y c= X holds Y in M ) & ( for X being set st X in M holds bool X in M ) & ( for X being set holds ( not X c= M or X,M are_equipotent or X in M ) ) ) consider M being set such that A1: N in M and A2: for X, Y being set st X in M & Y c= X holds Y in M and A3: for X being set st X in M holds ex Z being set st ( Z in M & ( for Y being set st Y c= X holds Y in Z ) ) and A4: for X being set holds ( not X c= M or X,M are_equipotent or X in M ) by TARSKI:3; take M ; ::_thesis: ( N in M & ( for X, Y being set st X in M & Y c= X holds Y in M ) & ( for X being set st X in M holds bool X in M ) & ( for X being set holds ( not X c= M or X,M are_equipotent or X in M ) ) ) thus N in M by A1; ::_thesis: ( ( for X, Y being set st X in M & Y c= X holds Y in M ) & ( for X being set st X in M holds bool X in M ) & ( for X being set holds ( not X c= M or X,M are_equipotent or X in M ) ) ) thus for X, Y being set st X in M & Y c= X holds Y in M by A2; ::_thesis: ( ( for X being set st X in M holds bool X in M ) & ( for X being set holds ( not X c= M or X,M are_equipotent or X in M ) ) ) thus for X being set st X in M holds bool X in M ::_thesis: for X being set holds ( not X c= M or X,M are_equipotent or X in M ) proof let X be set ; ::_thesis: ( X in M implies bool X in M ) assume X in M ; ::_thesis: bool X in M then consider Z being set such that A5: Z in M and A6: for Y being set st Y c= X holds Y in Z by A3; now__::_thesis:_for_Y_being_set_st_Y_in_bool_X_holds_ Y_in_Z let Y be set ; ::_thesis: ( Y in bool X implies Y in Z ) assume Y in bool X ; ::_thesis: Y in Z then Y c= X by Def1; hence Y in Z by A6; ::_thesis: verum end; hence bool X in M by A2, A5, TARSKI:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; thus for X being set holds ( not X c= M or X,M are_equipotent or X in M ) by A4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:113 for e, X1, Y1, X2, Y2 being set st e in [:X1,Y1:] & e in [:X2,Y2:] holds e in [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] proof let e, X1, Y1, X2, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( e in [:X1,Y1:] & e in [:X2,Y2:] implies e in [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] ) assume ( e in [:X1,Y1:] & e in [:X2,Y2:] ) ; ::_thesis: e in [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] then e in [:X1,Y1:] /\ [:X2,Y2:] by XBOOLE_0:def_4; hence e in [:(X1 /\ X2),(Y1 /\ Y2):] by Th100; ::_thesis: verum end; begin theorem Th114: :: ZFMISC_1:114 for X1, X2, Y1, Y2 being set st [:X1,X2:] c= [:Y1,Y2:] & [:X1,X2:] <> {} holds ( X1 c= Y1 & X2 c= Y2 ) proof let X1, X2, Y1, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( [:X1,X2:] c= [:Y1,Y2:] & [:X1,X2:] <> {} implies ( X1 c= Y1 & X2 c= Y2 ) ) assume that A1: [:X1,X2:] c= [:Y1,Y2:] and A2: [:X1,X2:] <> {} ; ::_thesis: ( X1 c= Y1 & X2 c= Y2 ) A3: [:X1,X2:] = [:X1,X2:] /\ [:Y1,Y2:] by A1, XBOOLE_1:28 .= [:(X1 /\ Y1),(X2 /\ Y2):] by Th100 ; ( X1 <> {} & X2 <> {} ) by A2, Th90; then ( X1 = X1 /\ Y1 & X2 = X2 /\ Y2 ) by A3, Th110; hence ( X1 c= Y1 & X2 c= Y2 ) by XBOOLE_1:17; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:115 for A being non empty set for B, C, D being set st ( [:A,B:] c= [:C,D:] or [:B,A:] c= [:D,C:] ) holds B c= D proof let A be non empty set ; ::_thesis: for B, C, D being set st ( [:A,B:] c= [:C,D:] or [:B,A:] c= [:D,C:] ) holds B c= D let B, C, D be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( [:A,B:] c= [:C,D:] or [:B,A:] c= [:D,C:] ) implies B c= D ) assume A1: ( [:A,B:] c= [:C,D:] or [:B,A:] c= [:D,C:] ) ; ::_thesis: B c= D percases ( B = {} or B <> {} ) ; suppose B = {} ; ::_thesis: B c= D hence B c= D by XBOOLE_1:2; ::_thesis: verum end; suppose B <> {} ; ::_thesis: B c= D then ( [:A,B:] <> {} & [:B,A:] <> {} ) by Th90; hence B c= D by A1, Th114; ::_thesis: verum end; end; end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:116 for x, X being set st x in X holds (X \ {x}) \/ {x} = X proof let x, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( x in X implies (X \ {x}) \/ {x} = X ) assume A1: x in X ; ::_thesis: (X \ {x}) \/ {x} = X thus (X \ {x}) \/ {x} c= X :: according to XBOOLE_0:def_10 ::_thesis: X c= (X \ {x}) \/ {x} proof let y be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not y in (X \ {x}) \/ {x} or y in X ) assume y in (X \ {x}) \/ {x} ; ::_thesis: y in X then ( y in X \ {x} or y in {x} ) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence y in X by A1, Th56, TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; thus X c= (X \ {x}) \/ {x} ::_thesis: verum proof let y be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not y in X or y in (X \ {x}) \/ {x} ) assume y in X ; ::_thesis: y in (X \ {x}) \/ {x} then ( y in {x} or y in X \ {x} ) by XBOOLE_0:def_5; hence y in (X \ {x}) \/ {x} by XBOOLE_0:def_3; ::_thesis: verum end; end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:117 for x, X being set st not x in X holds (X \/ {x}) \ {x} = X proof let x, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( not x in X implies (X \/ {x}) \ {x} = X ) A1: (X \/ {x}) \ {x} = X \ {x} by XBOOLE_1:40; assume not x in X ; ::_thesis: (X \/ {x}) \ {x} = X hence (X \/ {x}) \ {x} = X by A1, Th57; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:118 for x, y, z, Z being set holds ( Z c= {x,y,z} iff ( Z = {} or Z = {x} or Z = {y} or Z = {z} or Z = {x,y} or Z = {y,z} or Z = {x,z} or Z = {x,y,z} ) ) proof let x, y, z, Z be set ; ::_thesis: ( Z c= {x,y,z} iff ( Z = {} or Z = {x} or Z = {y} or Z = {z} or Z = {x,y} or Z = {y,z} or Z = {x,z} or Z = {x,y,z} ) ) hereby ::_thesis: ( ( Z = {} or Z = {x} or Z = {y} or Z = {z} or Z = {x,y} or Z = {y,z} or Z = {x,z} or Z = {x,y,z} ) implies Z c= {x,y,z} ) assume that A1: Z c= {x,y,z} and A2: Z <> {} and A3: Z <> {x} and A4: Z <> {y} and A5: Z <> {z} and A6: Z <> {x,y} and A7: Z <> {y,z} and A8: Z <> {x,z} ; ::_thesis: Z = {x,y,z} {x,y,z} c= Z proof let a be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not a in {x,y,z} or a in Z ) A9: now__::_thesis:_x_in_Z {x,y,z} \ {x} = ({x} \/ {y,z}) \ {x} by ENUMSET1:2 .= {y,z} \ {x} by XBOOLE_1:40 ; then A10: {x,y,z} \ {x} c= {y,z} by XBOOLE_1:36; assume not x in Z ; ::_thesis: contradiction then Z c= {x,y,z} \ {x} by A1, Lm2; hence contradiction by A2, A4, A5, A7, Lm14, A10, XBOOLE_1:1; ::_thesis: verum end; A11: now__::_thesis:_y_in_Z {x,y,z} \ {y} = ({x,y} \/ {z}) \ {y} by ENUMSET1:3 .= (({x} \/ {y}) \/ {z}) \ {y} by ENUMSET1:1 .= (({x} \/ {z}) \/ {y}) \ {y} by XBOOLE_1:4 .= ({x,z} \/ {y}) \ {y} by ENUMSET1:1 .= {x,z} \ {y} by XBOOLE_1:40 ; then A12: {x,y,z} \ {y} c= {x,z} by XBOOLE_1:36; assume not y in Z ; ::_thesis: contradiction then Z c= {x,y,z} \ {y} by A1, Lm2; hence contradiction by A2, A3, A5, A8, Lm14, A12, XBOOLE_1:1; ::_thesis: verum end; A13: now__::_thesis:_z_in_Z {x,y,z} \ {z} = ({x,y} \/ {z}) \ {z} by ENUMSET1:3 .= {x,y} \ {z} by XBOOLE_1:40 ; then A14: {x,y,z} \ {z} c= {x,y} by XBOOLE_1:36; assume not z in Z ; ::_thesis: contradiction then Z c= {x,y,z} \ {z} by A1, Lm2; hence contradiction by A2, A3, A4, A6, Lm14, A14, XBOOLE_1:1; ::_thesis: verum end; assume a in {x,y,z} ; ::_thesis: a in Z hence a in Z by A9, A11, A13, ENUMSET1:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; hence Z = {x,y,z} by A1, XBOOLE_0:def_10; ::_thesis: verum end; assume A15: ( Z = {} or Z = {x} or Z = {y} or Z = {z} or Z = {x,y} or Z = {y,z} or Z = {x,z} or Z = {x,y,z} ) ; ::_thesis: Z c= {x,y,z} percases ( Z = {} or Z = {x} or Z = {y} or Z = {z} or Z = {x,y} or Z = {y,z} or Z = {x,z} or Z = {x,y,z} ) by A15; suppose Z = {} ; ::_thesis: Z c= {x,y,z} hence Z c= {x,y,z} by XBOOLE_1:2; ::_thesis: verum end; suppose Z = {x} ; ::_thesis: Z c= {x,y,z} then Z c= {x} \/ {y,z} by XBOOLE_1:7; hence Z c= {x,y,z} by ENUMSET1:2; ::_thesis: verum end; supposeA16: Z = {y} ; ::_thesis: Z c= {x,y,z} {x,y} c= {x,y} \/ {z} by XBOOLE_1:7; then A17: {x,y} c= {x,y,z} by ENUMSET1:3; Z c= {x,y} by A16, Th7; hence Z c= {x,y,z} by A17, XBOOLE_1:1; ::_thesis: verum end; suppose Z = {z} ; ::_thesis: Z c= {x,y,z} then Z c= {x,y} \/ {z} by XBOOLE_1:7; hence Z c= {x,y,z} by ENUMSET1:3; ::_thesis: verum end; suppose Z = {x,y} ; ::_thesis: Z c= {x,y,z} then Z c= {x,y} \/ {z} by XBOOLE_1:7; hence Z c= {x,y,z} by ENUMSET1:3; ::_thesis: verum end; suppose Z = {y,z} ; ::_thesis: Z c= {x,y,z} then Z c= {x} \/ {y,z} by XBOOLE_1:7; hence Z c= {x,y,z} by ENUMSET1:2; ::_thesis: verum end; supposeA18: Z = {x,z} ; ::_thesis: Z c= {x,y,z} A19: {x,z} \/ {y} = ({x} \/ {z}) \/ {y} by ENUMSET1:1 .= {x} \/ ({y} \/ {z}) by XBOOLE_1:4 .= {x} \/ {y,z} by ENUMSET1:1 ; Z c= {x,z} \/ {y} by A18, XBOOLE_1:7; hence Z c= {x,y,z} by A19, ENUMSET1:2; ::_thesis: verum end; suppose Z = {x,y,z} ; ::_thesis: Z c= {x,y,z} hence Z c= {x,y,z} ; ::_thesis: verum end; end; end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:119 for N, M, X1, Y1, X2, Y2 being set st N c= [:X1,Y1:] & M c= [:X2,Y2:] holds N \/ M c= [:(X1 \/ X2),(Y1 \/ Y2):] proof let N, M, X1, Y1, X2, Y2 be set ; ::_thesis: ( N c= [:X1,Y1:] & M c= [:X2,Y2:] implies N \/ M c= [:(X1 \/ X2),(Y1 \/ Y2):] ) assume ( N c= [:X1,Y1:] & M c= [:X2,Y2:] ) ; ::_thesis: N \/ M c= [:(X1 \/ X2),(Y1 \/ Y2):] then A1: N \/ M c= [:X1,Y1:] \/ [:X2,Y2:] by XBOOLE_1:13; ( X1 c= X1 \/ X2 & Y1 c= Y1 \/ Y2 ) by XBOOLE_1:7; then A2: [:X1,Y1:] c= [:(X1 \/ X2),(Y1 \/ Y2):] by Th96; ( Y2 c= Y1 \/ Y2 & X2 c= X1 \/ X2 ) by XBOOLE_1:7; then [:X2,Y2:] c= [:(X1 \/ X2),(Y1 \/ Y2):] by Th96; then [:X1,Y1:] \/ [:X2,Y2:] c= [:(X1 \/ X2),(Y1 \/ Y2):] by A2, XBOOLE_1:8; hence N \/ M c= [:(X1 \/ X2),(Y1 \/ Y2):] by A1, XBOOLE_1:1; ::_thesis: verum end; Lm21: for x, y, X being set st not x in X & not y in X holds {x,y} misses X proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( not x in X & not y in X implies {x,y} misses X ) assume A1: ( not x in X & not y in X ) ; ::_thesis: {x,y} misses X thus {x,y} /\ X c= {} :: according to XBOOLE_0:def_7,XBOOLE_0:def_10 ::_thesis: {} c= {x,y} /\ X proof let z be set ; :: according to TARSKI:def_3 ::_thesis: ( not z in {x,y} /\ X or z in {} ) assume z in {x,y} /\ X ; ::_thesis: z in {} then ( z in {x,y} & z in X ) by XBOOLE_0:def_4; hence z in {} by A1, TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; thus {} c= {x,y} /\ X by XBOOLE_1:2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th120: :: ZFMISC_1:120 for x, y, X being set st not x in X & not y in X holds X = X \ {x,y} proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( not x in X & not y in X implies X = X \ {x,y} ) ( X \ {x,y} = X iff X misses {x,y} ) by XBOOLE_1:83; hence ( not x in X & not y in X implies X = X \ {x,y} ) by Lm21; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:121 for x, y, X being set st not x in X & not y in X holds X = (X \/ {x,y}) \ {x,y} proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( not x in X & not y in X implies X = (X \/ {x,y}) \ {x,y} ) A1: (X \/ {x,y}) \ {x,y} = X \ {x,y} by XBOOLE_1:40; assume ( not x in X & not y in X ) ; ::_thesis: X = (X \/ {x,y}) \ {x,y} hence X = (X \/ {x,y}) \ {x,y} by A1, Th120; ::_thesis: verum end; definition let x1, x2, x3 be set ; predx1,x2,x3 are_mutually_different means :: ZFMISC_1:def 5 ( x1 <> x2 & x1 <> x3 & x2 <> x3 ); end; :: deftheorem defines are_mutually_different ZFMISC_1:def_5_:_ for x1, x2, x3 being set holds ( x1,x2,x3 are_mutually_different iff ( x1 <> x2 & x1 <> x3 & x2 <> x3 ) ); definition let x1, x2, x3, x4 be set ; predx1,x2,x3,x4 are_mutually_different means :: ZFMISC_1:def 6 ( x1 <> x2 & x1 <> x3 & x1 <> x4 & x2 <> x3 & x2 <> x4 & x3 <> x4 ); end; :: deftheorem defines are_mutually_different ZFMISC_1:def_6_:_ for x1, x2, x3, x4 being set holds ( x1,x2,x3,x4 are_mutually_different iff ( x1 <> x2 & x1 <> x3 & x1 <> x4 & x2 <> x3 & x2 <> x4 & x3 <> x4 ) ); definition let x1, x2, x3, x4, x5 be set ; predx1,x2,x3,x4,x5 are_mutually_different means :: ZFMISC_1:def 7 ( x1 <> x2 & x1 <> x3 & x1 <> x4 & x1 <> x5 & x2 <> x3 & x2 <> x4 & x2 <> x5 & x3 <> x4 & x3 <> x5 & x4 <> x5 ); end; :: deftheorem defines are_mutually_different ZFMISC_1:def_7_:_ for x1, x2, x3, x4, x5 being set holds ( x1,x2,x3,x4,x5 are_mutually_different iff ( x1 <> x2 & x1 <> x3 & x1 <> x4 & x1 <> x5 & x2 <> x3 & x2 <> x4 & x2 <> x5 & x3 <> x4 & x3 <> x5 & x4 <> x5 ) ); definition let x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6 be set ; predx1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6 are_mutually_different means :: ZFMISC_1:def 8 ( x1 <> x2 & x1 <> x3 & x1 <> x4 & x1 <> x5 & x1 <> x6 & x2 <> x3 & x2 <> x4 & x2 <> x5 & x2 <> x6 & x3 <> x4 & x3 <> x5 & x3 <> x6 & x4 <> x5 & x4 <> x6 & x5 <> x6 ); end; :: deftheorem defines are_mutually_different ZFMISC_1:def_8_:_ for x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6 being set holds ( x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6 are_mutually_different iff ( x1 <> x2 & x1 <> x3 & x1 <> x4 & x1 <> x5 & x1 <> x6 & x2 <> x3 & x2 <> x4 & x2 <> x5 & x2 <> x6 & x3 <> x4 & x3 <> x5 & x3 <> x6 & x4 <> x5 & x4 <> x6 & x5 <> x6 ) ); definition let x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6, x7 be set ; predx1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7 are_mutually_different means :: ZFMISC_1:def 9 ( x1 <> x2 & x1 <> x3 & x1 <> x4 & x1 <> x5 & x1 <> x6 & x1 <> x7 & x2 <> x3 & x2 <> x4 & x2 <> x5 & x2 <> x6 & x2 <> x7 & x3 <> x4 & x3 <> x5 & x3 <> x6 & x3 <> x7 & x4 <> x5 & x4 <> x6 & x4 <> x7 & x5 <> x6 & x5 <> x7 & x6 <> x7 ); end; :: deftheorem defines are_mutually_different ZFMISC_1:def_9_:_ for x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6, x7 being set holds ( x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7 are_mutually_different iff ( x1 <> x2 & x1 <> x3 & x1 <> x4 & x1 <> x5 & x1 <> x6 & x1 <> x7 & x2 <> x3 & x2 <> x4 & x2 <> x5 & x2 <> x6 & x2 <> x7 & x3 <> x4 & x3 <> x5 & x3 <> x6 & x3 <> x7 & x4 <> x5 & x4 <> x6 & x4 <> x7 & x5 <> x6 & x5 <> x7 & x6 <> x7 ) ); theorem :: ZFMISC_1:122 for x1, x2, y1, y2 being set holds [:{x1,x2},{y1,y2}:] = {[x1,y1],[x1,y2],[x2,y1],[x2,y2]} proof let x1, x2, y1, y2 be set ; ::_thesis: [:{x1,x2},{y1,y2}:] = {[x1,y1],[x1,y2],[x2,y1],[x2,y2]} thus [:{x1,x2},{y1,y2}:] = [:({x1} \/ {x2}),{y1,y2}:] by ENUMSET1:1 .= [:{x1},{y1,y2}:] \/ [:{x2},{y1,y2}:] by Th97 .= {[x1,y1],[x1,y2]} \/ [:{x2},{y1,y2}:] by Th30 .= {[x1,y1],[x1,y2]} \/ {[x2,y1],[x2,y2]} by Th30 .= {[x1,y1],[x1,y2],[x2,y1],[x2,y2]} by ENUMSET1:5 ; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:123 for x, y, A being set st x <> y holds (A \/ {x}) \ {y} = (A \ {y}) \/ {x} by Th11, XBOOLE_1:87; definition let X be set ; attrX is trivial means :Def10: :: ZFMISC_1:def 10 for x, y being set st x in X & y in X holds x = y; end; :: deftheorem Def10 defines trivial ZFMISC_1:def_10_:_ for X being set holds ( X is trivial iff for x, y being set st x in X & y in X holds x = y ); registration cluster empty -> trivial for set ; coherence for b1 being set st b1 is empty holds b1 is trivial proof let X be set ; ::_thesis: ( X is empty implies X is trivial ) assume A1: X is empty ; ::_thesis: X is trivial let x be set ; :: according to ZFMISC_1:def_10 ::_thesis: for y being set st x in X & y in X holds x = y let y be set ; ::_thesis: ( x in X & y in X implies x = y ) thus ( x in X & y in X implies x = y ) by A1; ::_thesis: verum end; end; registration cluster non trivial -> non empty for set ; coherence for b1 being set st not b1 is trivial holds not b1 is empty ; end; registration let x be set ; cluster{x} -> trivial ; coherence {x} is trivial proof let y be set ; :: according to ZFMISC_1:def_10 ::_thesis: for y being set st y in {x} & y in {x} holds y = y let z be set ; ::_thesis: ( y in {x} & z in {x} implies y = z ) assume that A1: y in {x} and A2: z in {x} ; ::_thesis: y = z y = x by A1, TARSKI:def_1; hence y = z by A2, TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; end; registration cluster non empty trivial for set ; existence ex b1 being set st ( b1 is trivial & not b1 is empty ) proof take {{}} ; ::_thesis: ( {{}} is trivial & not {{}} is empty ) thus ( {{}} is trivial & not {{}} is empty ) ; ::_thesis: verum end; end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:124 for A, B, C, p being set st A c= B & B /\ C = {p} & p in A holds A /\ C = {p} proof let A, B, C, p be set ; ::_thesis: ( A c= B & B /\ C = {p} & p in A implies A /\ C = {p} ) assume A1: A c= B ; ::_thesis: ( not B /\ C = {p} or not p in A or A /\ C = {p} ) assume A2: B /\ C = {p} ; ::_thesis: ( not p in A or A /\ C = {p} ) p in B /\ C by A2, TARSKI:def_1; then A4: p in C by XBOOLE_0:def_4; assume p in A ; ::_thesis: A /\ C = {p} then p in A /\ C by A4, XBOOLE_0:def_4; hence A /\ C = {p} by A2, Lm3, A1, XBOOLE_1:26; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:125 for A, B, C, p being set st A /\ B c= {p} & p in C & C misses B holds A \/ C misses B proof let A, B, C, p be set ; ::_thesis: ( A /\ B c= {p} & p in C & C misses B implies A \/ C misses B ) assume that A1: A /\ B c= {p} and A2: p in C and A3: C misses B ; ::_thesis: A \/ C misses B {p} c= C by A2, Lm1; then A /\ B c= C by A1, XBOOLE_1:1; then (A /\ B) /\ B c= C /\ B by XBOOLE_1:27; then A4: A /\ (B /\ B) c= C /\ B by XBOOLE_1:16; (A \/ C) /\ B = (A /\ B) \/ (C /\ B) by XBOOLE_1:23 .= C /\ B by A4, XBOOLE_1:12 .= {} by A3, XBOOLE_0:def_7 ; hence A \/ C misses B by XBOOLE_0:def_7; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:126 for A, B being set st ( for x, y being set st x in A & y in B holds x misses y ) holds union A misses union B proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: ( ( for x, y being set st x in A & y in B holds x misses y ) implies union A misses union B ) assume A1: for x, y being set st x in A & y in B holds x misses y ; ::_thesis: union A misses union B for y being set st y in B holds union A misses y proof let y be set ; ::_thesis: ( y in B implies union A misses y ) assume y in B ; ::_thesis: union A misses y then for x being set st x in A holds x misses y by A1; hence union A misses y by Th80; ::_thesis: verum end; hence union A misses union B by Th80; ::_thesis: verum end; registration let X be set ; let Y be empty set ; cluster[:X,Y:] -> empty ; coherence [:X,Y:] is empty by Th90; end; registration let X be empty set ; let Y be set ; cluster[:X,Y:] -> empty ; coherence [:X,Y:] is empty by Th90; end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:127 for A, B being set holds not A in [:A,B:] proof let A, B be set ; ::_thesis: not A in [:A,B:] assume A in [:A,B:] ; ::_thesis: contradiction then consider x, y being set such that A1: ( x in A & y in B & A = [x,y] ) by Th84; ( x = {x} or x = {x,y} ) by A1, TARSKI:def_2; then x in x by TARSKI:def_1, TARSKI:def_2; hence contradiction ; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:128 for x being set holds [x,{x}] in [:{x},[x,{x}]:] proof let x be set ; ::_thesis: [x,{x}] in [:{x},[x,{x}]:] [:{x},[x,{x}]:] = {[x,{x}],[x,{x,{x}}]} by Th30; hence [x,{x}] in [:{x},[x,{x}]:] by TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:129 for B, A being set st B in [:A,B:] holds ex x being set st ( x in A & B = [x,{x}] ) proof let B, A be set ; ::_thesis: ( B in [:A,B:] implies ex x being set st ( x in A & B = [x,{x}] ) ) assume B in [:A,B:] ; ::_thesis: ex x being set st ( x in A & B = [x,{x}] ) then consider x, y being set such that A1: ( x in A & y in B & B = [x,y] ) by Th84; take x ; ::_thesis: ( x in A & B = [x,{x}] ) thus x in A by A1; ::_thesis: B = [x,{x}] percases ( y = {x} or y = {x,y} ) by A1, TARSKI:def_2; suppose y = {x} ; ::_thesis: B = [x,{x}] hence B = [x,{x}] by A1; ::_thesis: verum end; suppose y = {x,y} ; ::_thesis: B = [x,{x}] then y in y by TARSKI:def_2; hence B = [x,{x}] ; ::_thesis: verum end; end; end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:130 for B, A being set st B c= A & A is trivial holds B is trivial proof let B, A be set ; ::_thesis: ( B c= A & A is trivial implies B is trivial ) assume that A1: B c= A and A2: A is trivial ; ::_thesis: B is trivial let x be set ; :: according to ZFMISC_1:def_10 ::_thesis: for y being set st x in B & y in B holds x = y let y be set ; ::_thesis: ( x in B & y in B implies x = y ) assume ( x in B & y in B ) ; ::_thesis: x = y then ( x in A & y in A ) by A1, TARSKI:def_3; hence x = y by A2, Def10; ::_thesis: verum end; registration cluster non trivial for set ; existence not for b1 being set holds b1 is trivial proof take {{},{{}}} ; ::_thesis: not {{},{{}}} is trivial take {} ; :: according to ZFMISC_1:def_10 ::_thesis: ex y being set st ( {} in {{},{{}}} & y in {{},{{}}} & not {} = y ) take {{}} ; ::_thesis: ( {} in {{},{{}}} & {{}} in {{},{{}}} & not {} = {{}} ) thus ( {} in {{},{{}}} & {{}} in {{},{{}}} ) by TARSKI:def_2; ::_thesis: not {} = {{}} thus {} <> {{}} ; ::_thesis: verum end; end; theorem Th131: :: ZFMISC_1:131 for X being set st not X is empty & X is trivial holds ex x being set st X = {x} proof let X be set ; ::_thesis: ( not X is empty & X is trivial implies ex x being set st X = {x} ) assume not X is empty ; ::_thesis: ( not X is trivial or ex x being set st X = {x} ) then consider x being set such that A1: x in X by XBOOLE_0:def_1; assume A2: X is trivial ; ::_thesis: ex x being set st X = {x} take x ; ::_thesis: X = {x} for y being set holds ( y in X iff x = y ) by A2, A1, Def10; hence X = {x} by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:132 for x being set for X being trivial set st x in X holds X = {x} proof let x be set ; ::_thesis: for X being trivial set st x in X holds X = {x} let X be trivial set ; ::_thesis: ( x in X implies X = {x} ) assume A1: x in X ; ::_thesis: X = {x} then ex x being set st X = {x} by Th131; hence X = {x} by A1, TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:133 for a, b, c, X being set st a in X & b in X & c in X holds {a,b,c} c= X proof let a, b, c, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( a in X & b in X & c in X implies {a,b,c} c= X ) assume ( a in X & b in X & c in X ) ; ::_thesis: {a,b,c} c= X then ( {a,b} c= X & {c} c= X ) by Lm1, Th32; then {a,b} \/ {c} c= X by XBOOLE_1:8; hence {a,b,c} c= X by ENUMSET1:3; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:134 for x, y, X being set st [x,y] in X holds ( x in union (union X) & y in union (union X) ) proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( [x,y] in X implies ( x in union (union X) & y in union (union X) ) ) assume A1: [x,y] in X ; ::_thesis: ( x in union (union X) & y in union (union X) ) {x} in [x,y] by TARSKI:def_2; then A2: {x} in union X by A1, TARSKI:def_4; {x,y} in [x,y] by TARSKI:def_2; then A3: {x,y} in union X by A1, TARSKI:def_4; ( y in {x,y} & x in {x} ) by TARSKI:def_1, TARSKI:def_2; hence ( x in union (union X) & y in union (union X) ) by A3, A2, TARSKI:def_4; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem Th135: :: ZFMISC_1:135 for Y, x, X being set holds ( not X c= Y \/ {x} or x in X or X c= Y ) proof let Y, x, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( not X c= Y \/ {x} or x in X or X c= Y ) assume that A1: X c= Y \/ {x} and A2: not x in X ; ::_thesis: X c= Y X = X /\ (Y \/ {x}) by A1, XBOOLE_1:28 .= (X /\ Y) \/ (X /\ {x}) by XBOOLE_1:23 .= (X /\ Y) \/ {} by A2, Lm7, XBOOLE_0:def_7 .= X /\ Y ; hence X c= Y by XBOOLE_1:17; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:136 for x, y, X being set holds ( x in X \/ {y} iff ( x in X or x = y ) ) proof let x, y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( x in X \/ {y} iff ( x in X or x = y ) ) ( x in X \/ {y} iff ( x in X or x in {y} ) ) by XBOOLE_0:def_3; hence ( x in X \/ {y} iff ( x in X or x = y ) ) by TARSKI:def_1; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:137 for x, Y, X being set holds ( X \/ {x} c= Y iff ( x in Y & X c= Y ) ) proof let x, Y, X be set ; ::_thesis: ( X \/ {x} c= Y iff ( x in Y & X c= Y ) ) ( X c= Y & {x} c= Y implies X \/ {x} c= Y ) by XBOOLE_1:8; hence ( X \/ {x} c= Y iff ( x in Y & X c= Y ) ) by Lm1, XBOOLE_1:11; ::_thesis: verum end; theorem :: ZFMISC_1:138 for A, B, a being set st A c= B & B c= A \/ {a} & not A \/ {a} = B holds A = B proof let A, B, a be set ; ::_thesis: ( A c= B & B c= A \/ {a} & not A \/ {a} = B implies A = B ) assume that A1: A c= B and A2: B c= A \/ {a} ; ::_thesis: ( A \/ {a} = B or A = B ) assume that A3: A \/ {a} <> B and A4: A <> B ; ::_thesis: contradiction A5: not A \/ {a} c= B by A2, A3, XBOOLE_0:def_10; A6: not a in B proof assume a in B ; ::_thesis: contradiction then {a} c= B by Lm1; hence contradiction by A1, A5, XBOOLE_1:8; ::_thesis: verum end; not B c= A by A1, A4, XBOOLE_0:def_10; hence contradiction by A2, A6, Th135; ::_thesis: verum end;