<?xml version="1.0"?>
<div class="add">

<span class="kw">defpred </span><font color="Maroon">S<sub>1</sub></font>[  <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span>] <span class="kw">means </span>( (  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> $1 <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> $1 <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp; $1 <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) or ( $1 <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> 1 &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> $1 <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp; $1 <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) or (  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> $1 <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> $1 <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  &amp; $1 <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) or ( 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> $1 <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> $1 <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  &amp; $1 <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) );<br/>
<a NAME="E1:36"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E41">A1</font></span>: 
( <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default">1,<a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> 1 &amp; <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default">1,<a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a>  )
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="euclid.html#T52" onmouseover="rs('euclid/T52')" onmouseout="rh()">EUCLID:52</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E2:36"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E42">A2</font></span>: 
 <a href="relset_1.html#K1" title="RELSET_1:func.1">dom</a> <a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="funct_2.html#D1" onmouseover="rs('funct_2/D1')" onmouseout="rh()">FUNCT_2:def 1</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">set </span><font color="Maroon" title="c1">v</font> = <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default">1,<a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c2">Cb</font> be   <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> ( <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Cb</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1"> { <span class="default"> <font color="Olive" title="b1">p</font> where <font color="Olive" title="b1">p</font> is   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> : <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><font color="Olive" title="b1">p</font></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> 1 </span> } </span>  implies <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Cb</font> is  <a href="topreal2.html#V1" title="TOPREAL2:attr.1">being_simple_closed_curve</a>  )</span><br/>

<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E3:36"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E43">A3</font></span>: 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">Cb</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1"> { <span class="default"> <font color="Olive" title="b1">p</font> where <font color="Olive" title="b1">p</font> is   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> : <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><font color="Olive" title="b1">p</font></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> 1 </span> } </span> 
 ; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Cb</font> is  <a href="topreal2.html#V1" title="TOPREAL2:attr.1">being_simple_closed_curve</a> </span><br/>

<a NAME="E4:36"/>
( <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default">1,<a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> 1 &amp; <span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default">1,<a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a>  <a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a>  )
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="euclid.html#T52" onmouseover="rs('euclid/T52')" onmouseout="rh()">EUCLID:52</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E5:36"/><span class="kw">then </span><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E44">A4</font></span>: 
<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default">1,<a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="tarski.html#R2" title="TARSKI:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1"> { <span class="default"> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> where <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> is   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> : ( (  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) or ( <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> 1 &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) or (  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) or ( 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) ) </span> } </span> 
 
;<br/>
<a NAME="E6:36"/>
<span class="p1"> { <span class="default"> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> where <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> is   <a href="struct_0.html#NM1" title="STRUCT_0:NM.1">Element</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> : <font color="Maroon">S<sub>1</sub></font>[<font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font>] </span> } </span>  is   <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span>
 
<span class="kw">from</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="domain_1.html#S7" onmouseover="rs('domain_1/S7')" onmouseout="rh()">DOMAIN_1:sch 7</a>();<br/></span>
<span class="kw">then </span><span class="kw">reconsider </span><font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font> = <span class="p1"> { <span class="default"> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> where <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> is   <a href="pre_topc.html#NM2" title="PRE_TOPC:NM.2">Point</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> : ( (  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) or ( <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> 1 &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) or (  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) or ( 1 <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a>  &amp;  <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K4" title="XCMPLX_0:func.4">-</a> 1 <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">q</font> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a>  <a href="xxreal_0.html#R1" title="XXREAL_0:pred.1">&lt;=</a> 1 ) ) </span> } </span>  as   non  <a href="xboole_0.html#V1" title="XBOOLE_0:attr.1">empty</a>  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E5:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E44">A4</font></span></a></span>;<br/>
<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">|.</a><span class="default"><span class="p2"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default">1,<a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span></span><a href="euclid.html#K12" title="EUCLID:func.12">.|</a></span> = 
 <a href="square_1.html#K3" title="SQUARE_1:func.3">sqrt</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default">1,<a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="euclid.html#K17" title="EUCLID:func.17">`1</a></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K1" title="SQUARE_1:func.1">^2</a></span>)</span> <a href="xcmplx_0.html#K2" title="XCMPLX_0:func.2">+</a> <span class="p2">(<span class="default"><span class="p3">(<span class="default"><span class="p4"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default">1,<a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="euclid.html#K18" title="EUCLID:func.18">`2</a></span>)</span> <a href="square_1.html#K1" title="SQUARE_1:func.1">^2</a></span>)</span></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="jgraph_1.html#T30" onmouseover="rs('jgraph_1/T30')" onmouseout="rh()">JGRAPH_1:30</a></span>
<br/>.= 
1
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E1:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E41">A1</font></span></a></span>
;<br/>
<a NAME="E9:36"/><span class="kw">then </span>
<span class="p1"><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">|[</a><span class="default">1,<a href="numbers.html#K5" title="NUMBERS:func.5">0</a></span><a href="euclid.html#K19" title="EUCLID:func.19">]|</a></span> <a href="tarski.html#R2" title="TARSKI:pred.2">in</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Cb</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E3:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E43">A3</font></span></a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">then </span><span class="kw">reconsider </span><font color="Maroon" title="c4">Cbb</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c2">Cb</font> as   non  <a href="xboole_0.html#V1" title="XBOOLE_0:attr.1">empty</a>  <a href="struct_0.html#NM2" title="STRUCT_0:NM.2">Subset</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> ;<br/>
<a NAME="E11:36"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E45">A5</font></span>: 
 the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font>
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="pre_topc.html#T8" onmouseover="rs('pre_topc/T8')" onmouseout="rh()">PRE_TOPC:8</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E46">A6</font></span>:  <a href="relset_1.html#K1" title="RELSET_1:func.1">dom</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> = 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="relset_1.html#K1" title="RELSET_1:func.1">dom</a> <a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a></span>)</span> <a href="subset_1.html#K9" title="SUBSET_1:func.9">/\</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="relat_1.html#T61" onmouseover="rs('relat_1/T61')" onmouseout="rh()">RELAT_1:61</a></span>
<br/>.= 
 the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E11:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E45">A5</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E2:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E42">A2</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="xboole_1.html#T28" onmouseover="rs('xboole_1/T28')" onmouseout="rh()">XBOOLE_1:28</a></span>
;<br/>
<a NAME="E13:36"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E47">A7</font></span>: 
 <a href="relset_1.html#K2" title="RELSET_1:func.2">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> <a href="relset_1.html#K7" title="RELSET_1:func.7">.:</a>  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span>
 
<div><a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs2',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs2(this)" href="javascript:()" title="36_3"><span class="kw">proof </span></a><div class="add">

<span class="kw">let </span><font color="Maroon" title="c5">u</font> be    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">object</a> ; <span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">:: according to </font></span><a class="ref" href="tarski.html#D3" onmouseover="rs('tarski/D3')" onmouseout="rh()">TARSKI:def 3</a> <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> (  not <font color="Maroon" title="c5">u</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="relset_1.html#K2" title="RELSET_1:func.2">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> or <font color="Maroon" title="c5">u</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> <a href="relset_1.html#K7" title="RELSET_1:func.7">.:</a>  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> )</span><br/>

<span class="kw">assume </span><a NAME="E1:36_3"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">u</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="relset_1.html#K2" title="RELSET_1:func.2">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span>
 ; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">u</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> <a href="relset_1.html#K7" title="RELSET_1:func.7">.:</a>  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span></span><br/>

<a NAME="E2:36_3"/><span class="kw">then </span>
 ex <font color="Olive" title="b1">z</font> being    <a href="hidden.html#M1" title="HIDDEN:mode.1">object</a>  st <br/>( <font color="Olive" title="b1">z</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a>  <a href="relset_1.html#K1" title="RELSET_1:func.1">dom</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c5">u</font> <a href="hidden.html#R1" title="HIDDEN:pred.1">=</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> <a href="funct_1.html#K1" title="FUNCT_1:func.1">.</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">z</font> )
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="funct_1.html#D3" onmouseover="rs('funct_1/D3')" onmouseout="rh()">FUNCT_1:def 3</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E3:36_3"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c5">u</font> <a href="hidden.html#R2" title="HIDDEN:pred.2">in</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> <a href="relset_1.html#K7" title="RELSET_1:func.7">.:</a>  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span>
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E12:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E46">A6</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="funct_1.html#D6" onmouseover="rs('funct_1/D6')" onmouseout="rh()">FUNCT_1:def 6</a></span>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div><span class="kw">end;</span></div>
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> <a href="relset_1.html#K7" title="RELSET_1:func.7">.:</a>  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> = 
<a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="relset_1.html#K7" title="RELSET_1:func.7">.:</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E11:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E45">A5</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="relat_1.html#T129" onmouseover="rs('relat_1/T129')" onmouseout="rh()">RELAT_1:129</a></span>
<br/>.= 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">Cb</font>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E3:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E43">A3</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="jgraph_3.html#T23" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('jgraph_3/T23')" onmouseout="rh()">Th23</a></span>
<br/>.= 
 the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">Cbb</font></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="pre_topc.html#T8" onmouseover="rs('pre_topc/T8')" onmouseout="rh()">PRE_TOPC:8</a></span>
;<br/>
<span class="kw">then </span><span class="kw">reconsider </span><font color="Maroon" title="c5">f0</font> = <a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font> as   <a href="struct_0.html#NM6" title="STRUCT_0:NM.6">Function</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">Cbb</font></span>)</span> <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E12:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E46">A6</font></span></a>, <a class="txt" href="#E13:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E47">A7</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="funct_2.html#T2" onmouseover="rs('funct_2/T2')" onmouseout="rh()">FUNCT_2:2</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E16:36"/>
 <a href="relset_1.html#K2" title="RELSET_1:func.2">rng</a> <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> <a href="tarski.html#R1" title="TARSKI:pred.1">c=</a>  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span>
 
;<br/>
<span class="kw">then </span><span class="kw">reconsider </span><font color="Maroon" title="c6">f00</font> = <font color="Maroon" title="c5">f0</font> as   <a href="struct_0.html#NM6" title="STRUCT_0:NM.6">Function</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E12:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E46">A6</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="funct_2.html#T2" onmouseover="rs('funct_2/T2')" onmouseout="rh()">FUNCT_2:2</a></span>;<br/>
<a NAME="E18:36"/><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E48">A8</font></span>: 
( <font color="Maroon" title="c5">f0</font> is  <a href="funct_1.html#V2" title="FUNCT_1:attr.2">one-to-one</a>  &amp; <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font> is  <a href="compts_1.html#V2" title="COMPTS_1:attr.2">compact</a>  )
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="jgraph_3.html#T25" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('jgraph_3/T25')" onmouseout="rh()">Th25</a>, <a class="ref" href="funct_1.html#T52" onmouseover="rs('funct_1/T52')" onmouseout="rh()">FUNCT_1:52</a></span>;<br/>
 <a href="relset_1.html#K2" title="RELSET_1:func.2">rng</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c5">f0</font> = 
<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="partfun1.html#K2" title="PARTFUN1:func.2">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span> <a href="relset_1.html#K7" title="RELSET_1:func.7">.:</a>  the <a href="struct_0.html#U1" title="STRUCT_0:sel.1">carrier</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="relset_1.html#T22" onmouseover="rs('relset_1/T22')" onmouseout="rh()">RELSET_1:22</a></span>
<br/>.= 
<a href="jgraph_3.html#K1" title="JGRAPH_3:func.1">Sq_Circ</a> <a href="relset_1.html#K7" title="RELSET_1:func.7">.:</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E11:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E45">A5</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="relat_1.html#T129" onmouseover="rs('relat_1/T129')" onmouseout="rh()">RELAT_1:129</a></span>
<br/>.= 
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">Cb</font>
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E3:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E43">A3</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="jgraph_3.html#T23" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('jgraph_3/T23')" onmouseout="rh()">Th23</a></span>
;<br/>
<a NAME="E20:36"/><span class="kw">then </span>
 ex <font color="Olive" title="b1">f1</font> being   <a href="struct_0.html#NM6" title="STRUCT_0:NM.6">Function</a> of <span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c3">Kb</font></span>)</span>,<span class="p1">(<span class="default"><span class="p2">(<span class="default"><a href="euclid.html#K15" title="EUCLID:func.15">TOP-REAL</a> 2</span>)</span> <a href="pre_topc.html#K1" title="PRE_TOPC:func.1">|</a> <font color="Maroon" title="c4">Cbb</font></span>)</span> st <br/>( <font color="Maroon" title="c6">f00</font> <a href="funct_2.html#R1" title="FUNCT_2:pred.1">=</a> <font color="Olive" title="b1">f1</font> &amp; <font color="Olive" title="b1">f1</font> is  <a href="tops_2.html#V3" title="TOPS_2:attr.3">being_homeomorphism</a>  )
 
<span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="txt" href="#E18:36"><span class="lab"><font color="Green" title="E48">A8</font></span></a>, <a class="ref" href="jgraph_3.html#T21" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('jgraph_3/T21')" onmouseout="rh()">Th21</a>, <a class="ref" href="jgraph_1.html#T46" onmouseover="rs('jgraph_1/T46')" onmouseout="rh()">JGRAPH_1:46</a>, <a class="ref" href="topmetr.html#T7" onmouseover="rs('topmetr/T7')" onmouseout="rh()">TOPMETR:7</a></span>;<br/>
<span class="kw">hence </span><a NAME="E21:36"/>
<font color="Maroon" title="c2">Cb</font> is  <a href="topreal2.html#V1" title="TOPREAL2:attr.1">being_simple_closed_curve</a> 
 <span class="kw">by</span> <span class="lab"><a class="ref" href="jgraph_3.html#T24" target="_self" onmouseover="rs('jgraph_3/T24')" onmouseout="rh()">Th24</a></span>; <a class="txt" onmouseover="tooltip.show('hs',this)" onmouseout="tooltip.hide()" onclick="hs(this)" href="javascript:()"><span class="comment"><font color="firebrick">::  thesis: </font></span></a><span class="hide"> verum</span><br/>


</div>
